14. Cuddasakanipāto
14. Cuddasakanipāto
1. Khadiravaniyarevatattheragāthāvaṇṇanā
Cuddasakanipāte yadā ahantiādikā āyasmato khadiravaniyarevatattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Kāmañcimassa therassa gāthā heṭṭhā ekakanipāte (theragā. aṭṭha. 1. khadiravaniyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā) āgatā. Tattha panassa attano bhāgineyyesu satijananamattaṃ dassitanti tassā ekakanipāte saṅgaho kato. Imā pana therassa pabbajitakālato paṭṭhāya yāva parinibbānā paṭipattipakāsitā gāthā imasmiṃ cuddasakanipāte saṅgahaṃ āropitā. Tattha aṭṭhuppatti heṭṭhā vuttāyeva. Ayaṃ pana viseso – thero kira arahattaṃ patvā kālena kālaṃ satthu dhammasenāpatippabhūtīnaṃ mahātherānañca upaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā katipāhameva tattha vasitvā khadiravanameva paccāgantvā phalasamāpattisukhena brahmavihārehi ca vītināmeti. Evaṃ gacchante kāle jiṇṇo vuḍḍho vayo anuppatto ahosi. So ekadivasaṃ buddhupaṭṭhānaṃ gacchanto antarāmagge sāvatthiyā avidūre araññe vasi. Tena ca samayena corā nagare katakammā ārakkhamanussehi anubandhā palāyantā therassa samīpe gahitabhaṇḍaṃ chaḍḍetvā palāyiṃsu. Manussā anudhāvantā therassa samīpe bhaṇḍaṃ disvā theraṃ bandhitvā ‘‘coro’’ti saññāya gahetvā rañño dassesuṃ, ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, coro’’ti. Rājā theraṃ muñcāpetvā, ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, tumhehi idaṃ corikakammaṃ kataṃ vā, no vā’’ti pucchi. Thero kiñcāpi jātito paṭṭhāya attanā tādisaṃ na katapubbaṃ, taṃ pabbajitato paṭṭhāya pana akatabhāvassa, sabbaso kilesānaṃ samucchinnattā tādisassa karaṇe abhabbatāya pakāsanatthaṃ samīpe ṭhitānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ rañño ca dhammaṃ desento –
‘‘Yadā ahaṃ pabbajito, agārasmānagāriyaṃ;
Nābhijānāmi saṅkappaṃ, anariyaṃ dosasaṃhitaṃ.
‘‘‘Ime haññantu vajjhantu, dukkhaṃ pappontu pāṇino’;
Saṅkappaṃ nābhijānāmi, imasmiṃ dīghamantare.
‘‘Mettañca abhijānāmi, appamāṇaṃ subhāvitaṃ;
Anupubbaṃ paricitaṃ, yathā buddhena desitaṃ.
‘‘Sabbamitto sabbasakho, sabbabhūtānukampako;
Mettacittañca bhāvemi, abyāpajjarato sadā.
‘‘Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, cittaṃ āmodayāmahaṃ;
Brahmavihāraṃ bhāvemi, akāpurisasevitaṃ.
‘‘Avitakkaṃ samāpanno, sammāsambuddhasāvako;
Ariyena tuṇhībhāvena, upeto hoti tāvade.
‘‘Yathāpi pabbato selo, acalo suppatiṭṭhito;
Evaṃ mohakkhayā bhikkhu, pabbatova na vedhati.
‘‘Anaṅgaṇassa posassa, niccaṃ sucigavesino;
Vālaggamattaṃ pāpassa, abbhamattaṃva khāyati.
‘‘Nagaraṃ yathā paccantaṃ, guttaṃ santarabāhiraṃ;
Evaṃ gopetha attānaṃ, khaṇo vo mā upaccagā.
‘‘Nābhinandāmi maraṇaṃ, nābhinandāmi jīvitaṃ;
Kālañca paṭikaṅkhāmi, nibbisaṃ bhatako yathā.
‘‘Nābhinandāmi maraṇaṃ, nābhinandāmi jīvitaṃ;
Kālañca paṭikaṅkhāmi, sampajāno patissato.
‘‘Pariciṇṇo mayā satthā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ;
Ohito garuko bhāro, bhavanetti samūhatā.
‘‘Yassa catthāya pabbajito, agārasmānagāriyaṃ;
So me attho anuppatto, sabbasaṃyojanakkhayo.
‘‘Sampādethappamādena, esā me anusāsanī;
Handāhaṃ parinibbissaṃ vippamuttomhi sabbadhī’’ti. – imā gāthā abhāsi;
Tatthāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā imasmiṃ dīghamantareti, yadā ahaṃ pabbajitomhi, tato paṭṭhāya ayañca me carimakālo, etasmiṃ dīghamantare kāle ‘‘idaṃ mayhaṃ hotū’’ti abhijjhāvasena vā, ‘‘ime sattā haññantū’’tiādinā byāpādavasena vā anariyaṃ dosasaṃhitaṃ saṅkappaṃ nābhijānāmīti yojanā.
Mettañcaabhijānāmīti, mijjati siniyhati etāyāti mettā, abyāpādo. Mettā etissā atthīti mettā, mettābhāvanā mettābrahmavihāro, taṃ mettaṃ. Ca-saddena karuṇaṃ muditaṃ upekkhañcāti itarabrahmavihāre saṅgaṇhāti. Abhijānāmīti, abhimukhato jānāmi. Adhigatañhi jhānaṃ paccavekkhato paccavekkhaṇañāṇassa abhimukhaṃ hoti. Kīdisanti āha ‘‘appamāṇa’’ntiādi. Tañhi yathā buddhena bhagavatā desitaṃ, tathā anodissakapharaṇavasena aparimāṇasattārammaṇatāya appamāṇaṃ. Paguṇabalavabhāvāpādanena suṭṭhu bhāvitattā subhāvitaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ mettā, tato karuṇā, tato muditā, pacchā upekkhāti evaṃ anupubbaṃ anukkamena paricitaṃ āsevitaṃ, bahulīkataṃ abhijānāmīti yojanā.
Sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ mitto, sabbe vā te mayhaṃ mittāti sabbamitto. Mettañhi bhāvento sattānaṃ piyo hoti. Sabbasakhoti, etthāpi eseva nayo. Sabbabhūtānukampakoti, sabbasattānaṃ anuggaṇhanako. Mettacittañca bhāvemīti, mettāya sahitaṃ sampayuttaṃ cittaṃ visesato bhāvemi, vaḍḍhemi, pakāsemi vā akathentepi bhāvanāya ukkaṃsagatabhāvato. ‘‘Mettaṃ cittañca bhāvemī’’ti vā pāṭho. Tassattho heṭṭhā vuttanayova. Abyāpajjaratoti, abyāpajje sattānaṃ hitūpasaṃhāre abhirato. Sadāti, sabbakālaṃ, tena tattha sātaccakiriyaṃ dasseti.
Asaṃhīranti na saṃhīraṃ, āsannapaccatthikena rāgena anākaḍḍhaniyaṃ. Asaṃkuppanti na kuppaṃ, dūrapaccatthikena byāpādena akopiyaṃ, evaṃbhūtaṃ katvā mama mettacittaṃ āmodayāmi abhippamodayāmi brahmavihāraṃ bhāvemi. Akāpurisasevitanti, kāpurisehi nīcajanehi asevitaṃ, akāpurisehi vā ariyehi buddhādīhi sevitaṃ brahmaṃ seṭṭhaṃ niddosaṃ mettādivihāraṃ bhāvemi vaḍḍhemīti attho.
Evaṃ attuddesavasena pañcahi gāthāhi attano paṭipattiṃ dassetvā idāni taṃ aññāpadesena dassento ‘‘avitakka’’ntiādinā catasso gāthā abhāsi. Tattha avitakkaṃ samāpannoti, vitakkavirahitaṃ dutiyādijhānaṃ samāpanno, etena thero brahmavihārabhāvanāya aññāpadesena attanā dutiyādijhānādhigamamāha. Yasmā panāyaṃ thero tameva jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā ekāsaneneva arahattaṃ gaṇhi, tasmā tamatthaṃ aññāpadeseneva dassento ‘‘avitakkaṃ samāpanno’’ti vatvā ‘‘sammāsambuddhasāvako. Ariyena tuṇhībhāvena, upeto hoti tāvade’’ti āha. Tattha vacīsaṅkhārābhāvato avitakkāvicārā samāpatti ‘‘ariyo tuṇhībhāvo’’ti vadanti. ‘‘Sannipatitānaṃ vo, bhikkhave, dvayaṃ karaṇīyaṃ dhammī vā kathā ariyo vā tuṇhībhāvo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.273) pana vacanato yā kāci samāpatti ariyo tuṇhībhāvo nāma. Idha pana catutthajjhānikā aggaphalasamāpatti adhippetā.
Idāni tassādhigatattā lokadhammehi akampanīyataṃ upamāya pakāsento ‘‘yathāpi pabbato’’ti gāthamāha. Tattha yathāpi pabbato seloti, yathā silāmayo ekaghanaselo pabbato, na paṃsupabbato na missakapabbatoti attho. Acalo suppatiṭṭhitoti, suṭṭhu patiṭṭhitamūlo pakativātehi acalo akampanīyo hoti, tasmā arahattaṃ nibbānañca evaṃ mohakkhayā bhikkhu, pabbatova na vedhatīti mohassa anavasesappahānā, mohamūlakattā ca sabbākusalānaṃ pahīnasabbākusalo bhikkhu yathā so pabbato pakativātehi, evaṃ lokadhammehi na vedhati na kampati, mohakkhayoti vā yasmā arahattaṃ nibbānañca vuccati , tasmā mohakkhayāti mohakkhayassa hetu nibbānassa arahattassa ca adhigatattā catūsu ariyasaccesu suppatiṭṭhito asamāpannakālepi pabbato viya na vedhati, pageva samāpannakāleti adhippāyo.
Idāni pāpaṃ nāmetaṃ asucisīlo eva samācarati, na ca sucisīlo, sucisīlassa pana taṃ aṇumattampi bhāriyaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhātīti dassento ‘‘anaṅgaṇassā’’tiādigāthamāha . Tassattho – rāgādiaṅgaṇābhāvato anaṅgaṇassa sabbakālaṃ sucianavajjadhamme eva gavesantassa sappurisassa vālaggamattaṃ kesaggamattaṃ pāpassa lesamattampi sakalaṃ lokadhātuṃ pharitvā ṭhitaṃ abbhamattaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti, tasmā na evarūpe kamme mādisā āsaṅkitabbāti adhippāyo.
Yasmā nikkilesesupi andhabālā evarūpe apavāde samuṭṭhāpenti, tasmā atthakāmehi sakkaccaṃ attā rakkhitabboti ovādaṃ dento ‘‘nagaraṃ yathā’’tiādigāthamāha. Tassattho – yathā pana paccantanagaravāsīhi manussehi paccantaṃ nagaraṃ dvārapākārādīni thirāni karontehi saantaraṃ, uddāpaparikhādīni thirāni karontehi sabāhiranti santarabāhiraṃ guttaṃ karīyati, evaṃ tumhehipi satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā ajjhattikāni cha dvārāni pidahitvā dvārarakkhitaṃ satiṃ avissajjetvā yathā gayhamānāni bāhirāni cha āyatanāni ajjhattikāni upaghātāya saṃvattanti, tathā aggahaṇena tānipi thirāni katvā tesaṃ appavesāya dvārarakkhitaṃ satiṃ appahāya vicarantā attānaṃ gopetha. Kasmā? Khaṇo vo mā upaccagā. Yo hi evaṃ attānaṃ na gopeti, taṃ puggalaṃ buddhuppādakkhaṇo, manussattabhāvakkhaṇo, majjhimadese uppattikkhaṇo, sammādiṭṭhiyā paṭiladdhakkhaṇo, channaṃ āyatanānaṃ avekallakkhaṇoti sabbopi ayaṃ khaṇo atikkamati, so khaṇo tumhe mā atikkamatūti.
Evaṃ thero imāya gāthāya sarājikaṃ parisaṃ bhikkhū ca ovaditvā puna maraṇe jīvite ca attano samacittataṃ katakiccatañca pakāsento ‘‘nābhinandāmi maraṇa’’ntiādimāha. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthameva (theragā. aṭṭha. 2.607).
Evaṃ pana vatvā attano parinibbānakālaṃ upaṭṭhitaṃ disvā saṅkhepeneva nesaṃ ovādaṃ datvā parinibbānaṃ pavedento osānagāthamāha. Tattha sampādethappamādenāti sampādetabbaṃ dānasīlādiṃ appamādena sampādetha, diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikapabhede gahaṭṭhavatte sīlānurakkhaṇe samathaanuyoge vipassanābhāvanāya ca appamattā hotha. Esā me anusāsanīti dānasīlādīsu na pamajjathāti esā mama anusiṭṭhi ovādo.
Evaṃ sikhāpattaṃ parahitapaṭipattiṃ dīpetvā attahitapaṭipattiyāpi matthakaṃ gaṇhanto ‘‘handāhaṃ parinibbissaṃ, vippamuttomhi sabbadhī’’ti āha. Tattha vippamuttomhi sabbadhīti sabbaso kilesehi bhavehi ca vippamutto amhi, tasmā ekaṃsena parinibbāyissāmīti.
Evaṃ pana vatvā ākāse pallaṅkena nisinno tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā pajjalanto anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyi.
Khadiravaniyarevatattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
2. Godattattheragāthāvaṇṇanā
Yathāpi bhaddotiādikā āyasmato godattattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinitvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ satthavāhakule nibbatto. Godattoti nāmena vayappatto pitari kālaṅkate kuṭumbaṃ saṇṭhapento pañcahi sakaṭasatehi bhaṇḍaṃ ādāya aparāparaṃ sañcaritvā vāṇijjena jīvikaṃ kappeti yathāvibhavaṃ puññānipi karoti. So ekadivasaṃ antarāmagge dhure yuttagoṇe vahituṃ asakkonte patite manussesu taṃ vuṭṭhāpetuṃ asakkontesu sayameva gantvā taṃ naṅguṭṭhe gāḷhaṃ vijjhi. Goṇo ‘‘ayaṃ asappuriso mama balābalaṃ ajānanto gāḷhaṃ vijjhatī’’ti kuddho manussavācāya, ‘‘bho godatta, ahaṃ ettakaṃ kālaṃ attano balaṃ aniguhanto tuyhaṃ bhāraṃ vahiṃ, ajja pana asamatthabhāvena patitaṃ maṃ ativiya bādhasi, hotu, ito cavitvā nibbattanibbattaṭṭhāne taṃ bādhetuṃ samattho paṭisattu bhaveyya’’nti patthanānurūpena akkosi. Taṃ sutvā godatto ‘‘evaṃ nāma satte bādhetvā kiṃ imāya jīvikāyā’’ti saṃvegajāto sabbaṃ vibhavaṃ pahāya aññatarassa mahātherassa santike pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto nacirasseva arahattaṃ patvā samāpattisukhena vītināmento ekadivasaṃ attano santikaṃ upagatānaṃ gahaṭṭhapabbajitānaṃ ariyagaṇānaṃ lokadhamme ārabbha dhammaṃ kathento –
‘‘Yathāpi bhaddo ājañño, dhure yutto dhurassaho;
Mathito atibhārena, saṃyugaṃ nātivattati.
‘‘Evaṃ paññāya ye tittā, samuddo vārinā yathā;
Na pare atimaññanti, ariyadhammova pāṇinaṃ.
‘‘Kāle kālavasaṃ pattā, bhavābhavavasaṃ gatā;
Narā dukkhaṃ nigacchanti, tedha socanti māṇavā.
‘‘Unnatā sukhadhammena, dukkhadhammena conatā;
Dvayena bālā haññanti, yathābhūtaṃ adassino.
‘‘Ye ca dukkhe sukhasmiñca, majjhe sibbinimaccagū;
Ṭhitā te indakhīlova, na te unnataonatā.
‘‘Na heva lābhe nālābhe, na yase na ca kittiyā;
Na nindāyaṃ pasaṃsāya, na te dukkhe sukhamhi ca.
‘‘Sabbattha te na limpanti, udabinduva pokkhare;
Sabbattha sukhitā dhīrā, sabbattha aparājitā.
‘‘Dhammena ca alābho yo, yo ca lābho adhammiko;
Alābho dhammiko seyyo, yañce lābho adhammiko.
‘‘Yaso ca appabuddhīnaṃ, viññūnaṃ ayaso ca yo;
Ayasova seyyo viññūnaṃ, na yaso appabuddhinaṃ.
‘‘Dummedhehi pasaṃsā ca, viññūhi garahā ca yā;
Garahāva seyyo viññūhi, yañce bālappasaṃsanā.
‘‘Sukhañca kāmamayikaṃ, dukkhañca pavivekiyaṃ;
Pavivekadukkhaṃ seyyo, yañce kāmamayaṃ sukhaṃ.
‘‘Jīvitañca adhammena, dhammena maraṇañca yaṃ;
Maraṇaṃ dhammikaṃ seyyo, yañce jīve adhammikaṃ.
‘‘Kāmakopappahīnā ye, santacittā bhavābhave;
Caranti loke asitā, natthi tesaṃ piyāpiyaṃ.
‘‘Bhāvayitvāna bojjhaṅge, indriyāni balāni ca;
Pappuyya paramaṃ santiṃ, parinibbantināsavā’’ti. – imā gāthā abhāsi;
Tattha ājaññoti, usabhājānīyo. Dhure yuttoti, sakaṭadhure yojito. Dhurassahoti, dhuravāho. Gāthāsukhatthañcettha dvisakārato niddeso kato, sakaṭabhāraṃ vahituṃ samatthoti attho. Mathito atibhārenāti, atibhārena garubhārena pīḷito. ‘‘Maddito’’tipi pāḷi, so evattho. Saṃyuganti, attano khandhe ṭhapitaṃ yugaṃ nātivattati na atikkāmeti, sammā yo uddharitvā dhuraṃ chaḍḍetvā na tiṭṭhati. Evanti yathā so dhorayho attano bhadrājānīyatāya attano dhīravīratāya attano bhāraṃ nātivattati na pariccajati, evaṃ ye vārinā viya mahāsamuddo lokiyalokuttarāya paññāya tittā dhātā paripuṇṇā, te pare nihīnapaññe na atimaññanti, na paribhavanti. Tattha kāraṇamāha ‘‘ariyadhammova pāṇina’’nti, pāṇinaṃ sattesu ayaṃ ariyānaṃ dhammo yadidaṃ tesaṃ paññāya pāripūriṃ gatattā lābhādinā attānukkaṃsanaṃ viya alābhādinā paresaṃ avambhanaṃ.
Evaṃ paññāpāripūriyā ariyānaṃ sukhavihāraṃ dassetvā tadabhāvato anariyānaṃ dukkhavihāraṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘kāle’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha kāleti lābhālābhādinā samaṅgībhūtakāle. Kālavasaṃ pattāti lābhādikālassa ca vasaṃ upagatā, lābhādinā somanassitā alābhādinā ca domanassitāti attho. Bhavābhavavasaṃ gatāti bhavassa abhavassa ca vasaṃ upagatā vuddhihāniyo anuvattantā te. Narā dukkhaṃ nigacchanti, tedha socanti māṇavāti te narā ‘‘māṇavā’’ti laddhanāmā sattā lābhālābhādivasena vuddhihānivasena anurodhapaṭivirodhaṃ āpannā idhaloke socanti, paraloke ca nirayādidukkhaṃ gacchanti pāpuṇantīti attho.
‘‘Unnatā’’tiādināpi lokadhammavasena sattānaṃ anatthappattimeva dasseti. Tattha unnatā sukhadhammenāti sukhahetunā sukhapaccayena bhogasampattiādinā unnatiṃ gatā, bhogamadādinā mattāti attho. Dukkhadhammena conatāti dukkhahetunā dukkhapaccayena bhogavipattiādinā nihīnataṃ gatā dāliddiyādinā kāpaññataṃ pattā. Dvayenāti yathāvuttena unnationatidvayena lābhālābhādidvayena vā bālaputhujjanā haññanti, anurodhapaṭivirodhavasena vibādhīyanti pīḷiyanti. Kasmā? Yathābhūtaṃ adassino yasmā te dhammasabhāvaṃ yāthāvato nabbhaññaṃsu, pariññātakkhandhā pahīnakilesā ca na honti, tasmāti attho. ‘‘Yathābhūtaṃ adassanā’’tipi paṭhanti, adassanahetūti attho. Ye ca dukkhe sukhasmiñca, majjhe sibbinimaccagūti ye pana ariyā dukkhavedanāya sukhavedanāya majjhattatāvedanāya ca tappaṭibaddhaṃ chandarāgabhūtaṃ sibbiniṃ taṇhaṃ aggamaggādhigamena accagū atikkamiṃsu, te indakhīlo viya vātehi lokadhammehi asampakampiyā ṭhitā, na te unnataonatā, kadācipi unnatā vā onatā vā na honti sabbaso anunayapaṭighābhāvato.
Evaṃ vedanādhiṭṭhānaṃ arahato anupalepaṃ dassetvā idāni lokadhamme vibhajitvā sabbatthakamevassa anupalepaṃ dassento ‘‘na hevā’’tiādimāha. Tattha lābheti cīvarādīnaṃ paccayānaṃ paṭilābhe. Alābheti tesaṃyeva appaṭilābhe apagame. Na yaseti parivārahāniyaṃ akittiyañca. Kittiyāti parammukhā kittane patthaṭayasatāyaṃ. Nindāyanti sammukhā garahāyaṃ. Pasaṃsāyanti, paccakkhato guṇābhitthavane. Dukkheti dukkhe uppanne. Sukheti etthāpi eseva nayo.
Sabbatthāti sabbasmiṃ yathāvutte aṭṭhavidhepi lokadhamme, sabbattha vā rūpādike visaye te khīṇāsavā na limpanti sabbaso pahīnakilesattā. Yathā kiṃ? Udabinduva pokkhare yathā kamaladale jalabindu allīyitvā ṭhitampi tena na limpati, jalabindunā ca kamaladalaṃ, aññadatthu visaṃsaṭṭhameva, evametepi upaṭṭhite lābhādike, āpāthagate rūpādiārammaṇe ca visaṃsaṭṭhā evaṃ. Tato eva dhīrā paṇḍitā sabbattha lābhādīsu ñāṇamukhena piyanimittānaṃ sokādīnañca abhāvato sukhitā lābhādīhi ca anabhibhavanīyato sabbattha aparājitāva honti.
Idāni lābhālābhādīsu seyyaṃ niddhāretvā dassento ‘‘dhammenā’’tiādimāha. Tattha dhammena ca alābho yoti yo dhammaṃ rakkhantassa taṃnimittaṃ alābho lābhābhāvo, lābhahāni. Yo ca lābho adhammiko adhammena aññāyena buddhapaṭikuṭṭhena vidhinā uppanno, tesu dvīsu alābho dhammiko dhammāvaho seyyo, yādisaṃ lābhaṃ parivajjantassa akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, tādiso alābho pāsaṃsataro atthāvaho. Yañce lābho adhammikoti yo lābho adhammena uppanno, so na seyyoti adhippāyo.
Yasoca appabuddhīnaṃ, viññūnaṃ ayaso ca yoti yo appabuddhīnaṃ duppaññānaṃ vasena puggalassa yaso labbhati, yo ca viññūnaṃ paṇḍitānaṃ vasena ayaso yasahāni. Imesu dvīsu ayasova seyyo viññūnaṃ. Te hissa yathā akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, evaṃ yasahāniṃ iccheyyuṃ, tathā ca bhabbajātiko taṃ aguṇaṃ pahāya guṇe patiṭṭheyya. Na yaso appabuddhīnanti duppaññānaṃ vasena yaso seyyo hoti, te hi abhūtaguṇābhibyāhāravasenāpi naṃ uppādeyyuṃ, so cassa idha ceva viññūgarahādinā samparāye ca duggatiyaṃ dukkhaparikkilesādinā anatthāvaho. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘lābho siloko sakkāro, micchāladdho ca yo yaso’’ti (su. ni. 440) ‘‘sakkāro kāpurisaṃ hantī’’ti (cūḷava. 335; a. ni. 4.68) ca.
Dummedhehīti, nippaññehi. Yañce bālappasaṃsanāti bālehi aviddasūhi yā nāma pasaṃsanā.
Kāmamayikanti vatthukāmamayaṃ, kāmaguṇe paṭicca uppannaṃ. Dukkhañca pavivekiyanti pavivekato nibbattaṃ kāyakilamathavasena pavattaṃ visamāsanupatāpādihetukaṃ kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ, taṃ pana nirāmisavivaṭṭūpanissayatāya viññūnaṃ pāsaṃsā. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘pavivekadukkhaṃ seyyo’’ti.
Jīvitañcaadhammenāti adhammena jīvikakappanaṃ jīvitahetu adhammacaraṇaṃ. Dhammena maraṇaṃ nāma ‘‘imaṃ nāma pāpaṃ akarontaṃ taṃ māressāmī’’ti kenaci vutte mārentepi tasmiṃ pāpaṃ akatvā dhammaṃ avikopentassa dhammahetumaraṇaṃ dhammikaṃ seyyoti tādisaṃ maraṇaṃ dhammato anapetattā dhammikaṃ saggasampāpanato nibbānupanissayato ca viññūnaṃ pāsaṃsataraṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ –
‘‘Caje dhanaṃ aṅgavarassa hetu, aṅgaṃ caje jīvitaṃ rakkhamāno;
Aṅgaṃ dhanaṃ jīvitañcāpi sabbaṃ, caje naro dhammamanussaranto’’ti. (jā. 2.21.470);
Yañce jīve adhammikanti puriso yaṃ dhammato apetaṃ jīvikaṃ jīveyya, taṃ na seveyya viññūhi garahitattā apāyasampāpanato cāti adhippāyo.
Idāni yathāvuttaṃ khīṇāsavānaṃ anupalepaṃ kāraṇato dassento ‘‘kāmakopapahīnā’’tiādigāthamāha.
Tattha kāmakopapahīnāti ariyamaggena sabbasova pahīnā anurodhapaṭivirodhā. Santacittā bhavābhaveti khuddake ceva mahante ca bhave anavasesapahīnakilesapariḷāhatāya vūpasantacittā. Loketi khandhādiloke. Asitāti taṇhādiṭṭhinissayavasena anissitā. Natthi tesaṃ piyāpiyanti tesaṃ khīṇāsavānaṃ katthaci lābhādike rūpādivisaye ca piyaṃ vā apiyaṃ vā natthi, taṃnimittānaṃ kilesānaṃ sabbaso samucchinnattā.
Idāni yāya bhāvanāya te evarūpā jātā, taṃ dassetvā anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā desanāya kūṭaṃ gaṇhanto ‘‘bhāvayitvānā’’ti osānagāthamāha. Tattha pappuyyāti, pāpuṇitvā. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva. Imā eva ca gāthā therassa aññābyākaraṇāpi ahesuṃ.
Godattattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
Cuddasakanipātavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
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