4. Indriyasaṃyuttaṃ

July 12, 2020March 5, 2021 Dhamma Paññā 221 Views Mahāvagga-aṭṭhakathā trong Saṃyuttanikāya (aṭṭhakathā)

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4. Indriyasaṃyuttaṃ

4. Indriyasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Suddhikavaggo

1. Suddhikasuttavaṇṇanā

471. Indriyasaṃyuttassa paṭhame saddhindriyaṃ satindriyaṃ paññindriyanti imāni tīṇi catubhūmakakusalavipākesu ceva kiriyāsu ca labbhanti. Vīriyindriyasamādhindriyāni catubhūmakakusale akusale vipāke kiriyāyāti sabbattha labbhanti. Iti idaṃ suttaṃ catubhūmakasabbasaṅgāhakadhammaparicchedavasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ.

7. Dutiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttavaṇṇanā

477. Sattame saddhindriyaṃ nappajānantīti dukkhasaccavasena na pajānanti. Saddhindriyasamudayaṃ nappajānantīti samudayasaccavasena na pajānanti. Evaṃ nirodhaṃ nirodhasaccavasena, paṭipadaṃ maggasaccavasenāti. Sesesupi eseva nayo.

Sukkapakkhe pana adhimokkhavasena āvajjanasamudayā saddhindriyasamudayo hoti, paggahavasena āvajjanasamudayā vīriyindriyasamudayo, upaṭṭhānavasena āvajjanasamudayā satindriyasamudayo, avikkhepavasena āvajjanasamudayā samādhindriyasamudayo, dassanavasena āvajjanasamudayā paññindriyasamudayo hoti. Tathā chandavasena āvajjanasamudayā saddhindriyasamudayo hoti, chandavasena āvajjanasamudayā vīriyasatisamādhipaññindriyasamudayo hoti. Manasikāravasena āvajjanasamudayā saddhindriyasamudayo hoti. Manasikāravasena āvajjanasamudayā vīriyasatisamādhipaññindriyasamudayo hotīti evampi attho veditabbo. Imesu paṭipāṭiyā chasu suttesu catusaccameva kathitaṃ.

8. Daṭṭhabbasuttavaṇṇanā

478. Aṭṭhame kattha ca, bhikkhave, saddhindriyaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, catūsu sotāpattiyaṅgesūtiādi imesaṃ indriyānaṃ savisaye jeṭṭhakabhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Yathā hi cattāro seṭṭhiputtā rājāti rājapañcamesu sahāyesu ‘‘nakkhattaṃ kīḷissāmā’’ti vīthiṃ otiṇṇesu ekassa seṭṭhiputtassa gehaṃ gatakāle itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova – ‘‘imesaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ detha, gandhamālālaṅkārādīni dethā’’ti gehe vicāreti. Dutiyassa, tatiyassa, catutthassa gehaṃ gatakāle itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova – ‘‘imesaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ detha, gandhamālālaṅkārādīni dethā’’ti gehe vicāreti. Atha sabbapacchā rañño gehaṃ gatakāle kiñcāpi rājā sabbattha issaro, imasmiṃ pana kāle attano geheyeva – ‘‘imesaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ detha, gandhamālālaṅkārādīni dethā’’ti gehe vicāreti. Evameva saddhāpañcamakesu indriyesu tesu sahāyesu ekato vīthiṃ otarantesu viya ekārammaṇe uppajjamānesupi yathā paṭhamassa gehe itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova vicāreti, evaṃ sotāpattiyaṅgāni patvā adhimokkhalakkhaṇaṃ saddhindriyameva jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti pubbaṅgamaṃ, sesāni tadanvayāni honti. Yathā dutiyassa gehe itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova vicāreti, evaṃ sammappadhānāni patvā paggahalakkhaṇaṃ vīriyindriyameva jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti pubbaṅgamaṃ, sesāni tadanvayāni honti. Yathā tatiyassa gehe itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova vicāreti, evaṃ satipaṭṭhānāni patvā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ satindriyameva jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti pubbaṅgamaṃ, sesāni tadanvayāni honti. Yathā catutthassa gehe itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, gehasāmikova vicāreti, evaṃ jhānavimokkhe patvā avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ samādhindriyameva jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti pubbaṅgamaṃ, sesāni tadanvayāni honti. Sabbapacchā rañño gehaṃ gatakāle pana yathā itare cattāro tuṇhī nisīdanti, rājāva gehe vicāreti, evameva ariyasaccāni patvā pajānanalakkhaṇaṃ paññindriyameva jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti pubbaṅgamaṃ, sesāni tadanvayāni hontīti.

9-10. Paṭhamavibhaṅgasuttādivaṇṇanā

479-480. Navame satinepakkenāti ettha nipakassa bhāvo nepakkaṃ, paññāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Kasmā pana satibhājane paññā vuttāti? Satiyā balavabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Balavasati hi idha adhippetā. Sā ca paññāsampayuttāva balavatī hoti, na vippayuttāti paññāsampayuttasatiṃ dassento evamāha. Cirakatanti cirakālaṃ kataṃ dānaṃ vā sīlaṃ vā uposathakammaṃ vā. Cirabhāsitanti ‘‘asukasmiṃ ṭhāne asukaṃ nāma bhāsita’’nti evaṃ cirakāle bhāsitaṃ. Vossaggārammaṇaṃ katvāti nibbānārammaṇaṃ katvā. Udayatthagāminiyāti udayañca atthañca gacchantiyā, udayabbayapariggahikāyāti attho. Imasmiṃ sutte saddhāsatipaññindriyāni pubbabhāgāni, vīriyindriyaṃ missakaṃ, samādhindriyaṃ nibbattitalokuttarameva kathitaṃ. Dasamepi ayameva dhammaparicchedoti.

Suddhikavaggo paṭhamo.

2. Mudutaravaggo

1. Paṭilābhasuttavaṇṇanā

481. Dutiyavaggassa paṭhame sammappadhāne ārabbhāti sammappadhāne paṭicca, sammappadhāne bhāventoti attho. Satindriyepi eseva nayo.

2. Paṭhamasaṃkhittasuttavaṇṇanā

482. Dutiye tatoti vipassanāmaggaphalavasena nissakkaṃ veditabbaṃ. Samattāni hi paripuṇṇāni pañcindriyāni arahattamaggassa vipassanindriyāni nāma honti. Tato mudutarehīti tehi arahattamaggassa vipassanindriyehi mudutarāni anāgāmimaggassa vipassanindriyāni nāma honti, tato mudutarāni sakadāgāmimaggassa, tato mudutarāni sotāpattimaggassa vipassanindriyāni nāma honti, tato mudutarāni dhammānusārimaggassa, tato mudutarāni saddhānusārimaggassa vipassanindriyāni nāma honti.

Tathā samattāni paripuṇṇāni pañcindriyāni arahattamaggindriyāni nāma honti, tato mudutarāni anāgāmimaggindriyāni nāma honti, tato mudutarāni sakadāgāmimaggindriyāni nāma honti, tato mudutarāni sotāpattimaggindriyāni nāma honti, tato mudutarāni dhammānusārimaggindriyāni, tato mudutarāni saddhānusārimaggindriyāni nāma honti.

Samattāni paripuṇṇāni pañcindriyāni arahattaphalindriyāni nāma honti, tato mudutarāni anāgāmiphalindriyāni, tato mudutarāni sakadāgāmiphalindriyāni, tato mudutarāni sotāpattiphalindriyāni nāma honti. Dhammānusārisaddhānusārino pana dvepi sotāpattimaggaṭṭhapuggalā, maggaṭṭhapuggalavasena nesaṃ nānattaṃ jātanti āgamanenapi maggenapi. Saddhānusārī puggalo hi uddisāpento paripucchanto anupubbena maggaṃ pāpuṇāti, dhammānusārī ekena vā dvīhi vā savanehi. Evaṃ tāva nesaṃ āgamanena nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.

Dhammānusārissa pana maggo tikkho hoti, sūraṃ ñāṇaṃ vahati, asaṅkhārena appayogena kilese chindati kadalikkhandhaṃ viya tikhiṇā asidhārā. Saddhānusārissa na tassa viya maggo tikkho hoti, na sūraṃ ñāṇaṃ vahati, sasaṅkhārena sappayogena kilese chindati kadalikkhandhaṃ viya atikhiṇā asidhārā. Kilesakkhaye pana tesaṃ nānattaṃ natthi. Avasesā ca kilesā khīyanti.

3. Dutiyasaṃkhittasuttavaṇṇanā

483. Tatiye tatoti phalavasena nissakkaṃ veditabbaṃ. Samattāni hi paripuṇṇāni pañcindriyāni arahattaphalindriyāni nāma honti, arahattaphalena samannāgato puggalo arahā nāma hoti. Arahattaphalato mudutarāni anāgāmiphalindriyāni nāma honti, tato mudutarāni sakadāgāmiphalindriyāni, tato mudutarāni sotāpattiphalindriyāni, sotāpattiphalena samannāgato puggalo sotāpanno nāma hoti. Indriyavemattatā phalavemattatā hotīti indriyanānattena phalanānattaṃ, phalanānattena puggalanānattanti.

4. Tatiyasaṃkhittasuttavaṇṇanā

484. Catutthe paripūraṃ paripūrakārī ārādhetīti paripūraṃ arahattamaggaṃ karonto arahattaphalaṃ ārādheti. Padesaṃ padesakārīti avasese tayo padesamagge karonto padesaṃ phalattayamattameva ārādheti. Iti imesu catūsupi suttesu missakāneva indriyāni kathitāni.

5-7. Paṭhamavitthārasuttādivaṇṇanā

485-487. Pañcame tato mudutarehīti vipassanāvasena nissakkaṃ veditabbaṃ. Paripuṇṇāni hi pañcindriyāni arahattamaggassa vipassanindriyāni honti, tato mudutarāni antarāparinibbāyissa vipassanindriyāni, tato mudutarāni upahaccaparinibbāyissa, tato mudutarāni asaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, tato mudutarāni sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, tato mudutarāni uddhaṃsotaakaniṭṭhagāmissa vipassanindriyāni nāma honti.

Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne arahattamaggeyeva ṭhatvā pañca nissakkāni nīharitabbāni. Arahattamaggassa hi vipassanindriyehi mudutarāni paṭhamaantarāparinibbāyissa vipassanindriyāni, tato mudutarāni dutiyaantarāparinibbāyissa, tato mudutarāni tatiyaantarāparinibbāyissa, tato mudutarāni upahaccaparinibbāyissa, tato mudutarāni uddhaṃsotaakaniṭṭhagāmissa vipassanindriyāni. Asaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyinopi eteva pañca janā.

Idāni tīṇi nissakkāni. Sakadāgāmimaggassa hi indriyehi mudutarāni sotāpattimaggindriyāni, sotāpattimaggeyeva indriyehi mudutarāni dhammānusārimaggindriyāni. Tehipi mudutarāni saddhānusārimaggindriyāni. Chaṭṭhasattamāni vuttanayāneva. Imesu pana tīsupi suttesu pubbabhāgavipassanindriyāneva kathitāni.

8. Paṭipannasuttavaṇṇanā

488. Aṭṭhame tato mudutarehīti maggaphalavasena nissakkaṃ veditabbaṃ. Taṃ pāḷiyaṃ vuttameva. Bāhiroti imehi aṭṭhahi puggalehi bahibhūto. Puthujjanapakkhe ṭhitoti puthujjanakoṭṭhāse ṭhito. Imasmiṃ sutte lokuttarāneva indriyāni kathitāni.

9-10. Sampannasuttādivaṇṇanā

489-490. Navame indriyasampannoti paripuṇṇindriyo. Dasamaṃ uttānameva. Imasmiṃ suttadvaye missakāni indriyāni kathitānīti.

Mudutaravaggo dutiyo.

3. Chaḷindriyavaggo

2. Jīvitindriyasuttavaṇṇanā

492. Tatiyavaggassa dutiye itthindriyantiādīsu itthibhāve indaṭṭhaṃ karotīti itthindriyaṃ. Purisabhāve indaṭṭhaṃ karotīti purisindriyaṃ. Jīvite indaṭṭhaṃ karotīti jīvitindriyaṃ. Atthuppattikaṃ kiretaṃ suttaṃ. Saṅghamajjhasmiñhi ‘‘kati nu kho vaṭṭindriyānī’’ti kathā udapādi, atha bhagavā vaṭṭindriyāni dassento tīṇimāni bhikkhavetiādimāha.

3. Aññindriyasuttavaṇṇanā

493. Tatiye anaññātaññassāmītindriyanti ‘‘anamatagge saṃsāre ajānitapubbaṃ dhammaṃ jānissāmī’’ti paṭipannassa sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe uppannaṃ indriyaṃ. Aññindriyanti tesaṃyeva ñātadhammānaṃ ājānanākārena sotāpattiphalādīsu chasu ṭhānesu uppannaṃ indriyaṃ. Aññātāvindriyanti aññātāvīsu arahattaphaladhammesu uppannaṃ indriyaṃ. Tattha tattha tena tenākārena uppannassa ñāṇassevetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Idampi suttaṃ atthuppattikameva. Saṅghamajjhasmiñhi ‘‘kati nu kho lokuttarindriyānī’’ti kathā udapādi, atha bhagavā tāni dassento tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, indriyānītiādimāha.

4. Ekabījīsuttavaṇṇanā

494. Catutthe tato mudutarehīti vipassanato nissakkaṃ veditabbaṃ. Samattāni hi pañcindriyāni arahattamaggassa vipassanindriyāni nāma honti, tato mudutarāni antarāparinibbāyissa vipassanindriyāni, tato mudutarāni upahaccaparinibbāyissa, tato mudutarāni asaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, tato mudutarāni sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, tato mudutarāni uddhaṃsotaakaniṭṭhagāmissa vipassanindriyāni nāma. Idhāpi purimanayeneva arahattamagge ṭhatvā pañca nissakkāni nīharitabbāni.

Yathā pana purimanaye sakadāgāmimagge ṭhatvā tīṇi nissakkāni, evamidha pañca nīharitabbāni. Sakadāgāmimaggassa hi vipassanindriyehi mudutarāni sotāpattimaggassa vipassanindriyāni, sotāpattimaggassa ca tehi vipassanindriyehi mudutarāni ekabījiādīnaṃ maggassa vipassanindriyāni.

Ettha ca ekabījītiādīsu yo sotāpanno hutvā ekameva attabhāvaṃ janetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, ayaṃ ekabījī nāma. Yathāha ‘‘katamo ca puggalo ekabījī, idhekacco puggalo tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo, so ekaññeva mānusakaṃ bhavaṃ sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ekabījī’’ti (pu. pa. 33).

Yo pana dve tayo bhave saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti, ayaṃ kolaṃkolo nāma. Yathāha ‘‘katamo ca puggalo kolaṃkolo. Idhekacco puggalo tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo, so dve vā tīṇi vā kulāni sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo kolaṃkolo’’ti (pu. pa. 32). Tattha kulānīti bhavā veditabbā. ‘‘Dve vā tīṇi vā’’ti idaṃ desanāmattameva, yāva chaṭṭhabhavā saṃsaranto pana kolaṃkolova hoti.

Yassa sattakkhattuṃ paramā upapatti, aṭṭhamaṃ bhavaṃ nādiyati, ayaṃ sattakkhattuparamo nāma. Yathāha ‘‘katamo ca puggalo sattakkhattuparamo. Idhekacco puggalo tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo, so sattakkhattuṃ deve ca manusse ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo sattakkhattuparamo’’ti (pu. pa. 31).

Bhagavatā gahitanāmavaseneva cetāni tesaṃ nāmāni. ‘‘Ettakañhi ṭhānaṃ gato ekabījī nāma hoti, ettakaṃ kolaṃkolo, ettakaṃ sattakkhattuparamo’’ti bhagavatā etesaṃ nāmaṃ gahitaṃ. Niyamato pana ‘‘ayaṃ ekabījī, ayaṃ kolaṃkolo, ayaṃ sattakkhattuparamo’’ti natthi.

Ko pana nesaṃ etaṃ pabhedaṃ niyametīti? Keci pana therā ‘‘pubbahetu niyametī’’ti vadanti, keci ‘‘paṭhamamaggo’’, keci ‘‘uparima tayo maggā’’, keci ‘‘tiṇṇaṃ maggānaṃ vipassanā’’ti. Tattha ‘‘pubbahetu niyametī’’ti vāde paṭhamamaggassa upanissayo kato nāma hoti, upari tayo maggā anupanissayā uppannāti vacanaṃ āpajjati. ‘‘Paṭhamamaggo niyametī’’ti vāde upari tiṇṇaṃ maggānaṃ niratthakatā āpajjati. ‘‘Upari tayo maggā niyamentī’’ti vāde paṭhamamagge anuppanneva upari tayo maggā uppannāti āpajjati. ‘‘Tiṇṇaṃ maggānaṃ vipassanā niyametī’’ti vādo pana yujjati. Sace hi upari tiṇṇaṃ maggānaṃ vipassanā balavatī hoti, ekabījī nāma hoti, tato mandatarāya kolaṃkolo, tato mandatarāya sattakkhattuparamoti.

Ekacco hi sotāpanno vaṭṭajjhāsayo hoti vaṭṭābhirato punappunaṃ vaṭṭasmiṃyeva vicarati sandissati. Anāthapiṇḍiko seṭṭhi, visākhā upāsikā, cūḷarathamahārathā devaputtā, anekavaṇṇo devaputto, sakko devarājā, nāgadatto devaputtoti ime hi ettakā janā vaṭṭajjhāsayā vaṭṭābhiratā ādito paṭṭhāya cha devaloke sodhetvā akaniṭṭhe ṭhatvā parinibbāyissanti , ime idha na gahitā. Na kevalañcime, yopi manussesuyeva sattakkhattuṃ saṃsaritvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, yopi devaloke nibbatto devesuyeva sattakkhattuṃ aparāparaṃ saṃsaritvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, imepi idha na gahitā. Kālena deve, kālena manusse saṃsaritvā pana arahattaṃ pāpuṇantova idha gahito. Tasmā sattakkhattuparamoti idaṃ idhaṭṭhakavokiṇṇasukkhavipassakassa nāmaṃ kathitanti veditabbaṃ.

Dhammānusārī saddhānusārīti ettha pana imasmiṃ sāsane lokuttaradhammaṃ nibbattentassa dve dhurāni, dve sīsāni, dve abhinivesā – saddhādhuraṃ, paññādhuraṃ , saddhāsīsaṃ, paññāsīsaṃ, saddhābhiniveso, paññābhinivesoti. Tattha yo bhikkhu ‘‘sace saddhāya sakkā nibbattetuṃ, nibbattessāmi lokuttaramagga’’nti saddhaṃ dhuraṃ katvā sotāpattimaggaṃ nibbatteti, so maggakkhaṇe saddhānusārī nāma hoti. Phalakkhaṇe pana saddhāvimutto nāma hutvā ekabījī kolaṃkolo sattakkhattuparamoti tividho hoti. Tattha ekeko dukkhāpaṭipadādivasena catubbidhabhāvaṃ āpajjatīti saddhādhurena dvādasa janā honti.

Yo pana ‘‘sace paññāya sakkā nibbattetuṃ, nibbattessāmi lokuttaramagga’’nti paññaṃ dhuraṃ katvā sotāpattimaggaṃ nibbatteti, so maggakkhaṇe dhammānusārī nāma hoti. Phalakkhaṇe pana paññāvimutto nāma hutvā ekabījiādibhedena dvādasabhedova hoti. Evaṃ dve maggaṭṭhā phalakkhaṇe catuvīsati sotāpannā hontīti.

Tipiṭakatissatthero kira ‘‘tīṇi piṭakāni sodhessāmī’’ti paratīraṃ gato. Taṃ eko kuṭumbiko catūhi paccayehi upaṭṭhāsi, thero āgamanakāle ‘‘gacchāmi upāsakā’’ti āha. ‘‘Kahaṃ bhante’’ti? ‘‘Amhākaṃ ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ santika’’nti. ‘‘Na sakkā, bhante, mayā gantuṃ, bhaddantaṃ pana nissāya mayā sāsanassa guṇo ñāto, tumhākaṃ parammukhā kīdisaṃ bhikkhuṃ upasaṅkamāmī’’ti? Atha naṃ thero āha – ‘‘yo bhikkhu catuvīsati sotāpanne dvādasa sakadāgāmī aṭṭhacattālīsa anāgāmī dvādasa arahante dassetvā dhammakathaṃ kathetuṃ sakkoti, evarūpaṃ bhikkhuṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti. Imasmiṃ sutte vipassanā kathitāti.

5-10. Suddhakasuttādivaṇṇanā

495-500. Pañcame cakkhu ca taṃ cakkhudvāre nibbattānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādhipateyyasaṅkhātena indaṭṭhena indriyañcāti cakkhundriyaṃ. Sotindriyādīsupi eseva nayo. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānameva. Imasmiṃ vagge paṭhamasuttañceva chaṭṭhādīni ca pañcāti cha suttāni catusaccavasena kathitānīti.

Chaḷindriyavaggo tatiyo.

4. Sukhindriyavaggo

1-5. Suddhikasuttādivaṇṇanā

501-505. Catutthavaggassa paṭhame sukhañca taṃ sahajātānaṃ ādhipateyyasaṅkhātena indaṭṭhena indriyañcāti sukhindriyaṃ. Dukkhindriyādīsupi eseva nayo. Ettha ca sukhindriyadukkhindriyadomanassindriyāni kāmāvacarāneva, somanassindriyaṃ ṭhapetvā arūpāvacaraṃ sesaṃ tebhūmakaṃ, upekkhindriyaṃ catubhūmakaṃ. Dutiyādīni cattāri catusaccavaseneva kathitāni.

6. Paṭhamavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā

506. Chaṭṭhe kāyikanti kāyapasādavatthukaṃ. Sukhanti ayamassa sarūpaniddeso. Sātanti tasseva vevacanaṃ, madhuranti vuttaṃ hoti. Kāyasamphassajanti kāyasamphassato jātaṃ. Sukhaṃ sātanti vuttanayameva. Vedayitanti ayamassa sabbavedanāsādhāraṇo aññadhammavisiṭṭho sabhāvaniddeso. Iminā nayena sesesupi attho veditabbo. Kāyikaṃ vā cetasikaṃ vāti ettha pana cakkhādayo cattāro pasādakāye vatthuṃ katvā uppattivasena kāyikanti vuttaṃ. Kāyapasādavatthukaṃ pana adukkhamasukhaṃ nāma natthi.

9. Kaṭṭhopamasuttavaṇṇanā

509. Navame dvinnaṃ kaṭṭhānanti dvinnaṃ araṇīnaṃ. Saṅghaṭṭanasamodhānāti saṅghaṭṭanena ceva samodhānena ca. Usmāti usumākāro. Tejoti aggidhūmo. Ettha ca adharāraṇī viya vatthārammaṇaṃ, uttarāraṇī viya phasso, saṅghaṭṭo viya phassasaṅghaṭṭanaṃ, aggi viya vedanā daṭṭhabbā. Vatthārammaṇaṃ vā uttarāraṇī viya, phasso adharāraṇī viya daṭṭhabbo.

10. Uppaṭipāṭikasuttavaṇṇanā

510. Dasamaṃ yathādhammarasena paṭipāṭiyā vuttampi imasmiṃ indriyavibhaṅge sesasuttāni viya adesitattā uppaṭipāṭikasuttaṃ nāmāti veditabbaṃ. Tattha nimittantiādīni sabbāni paccayavevacanāneva. Dukkhindriyañca pajānātīti dukkhasaccavaseneva pajānāti. Dukkhindriyasamudayanti kaṇṭakena vā viddhassa maṅkulena vā daṭṭhassa paccattharaṇe vā valiyā phuṭṭhassa dukkhasahagataṃ kāyaviññāṇaṃ uppajjati, taṃ etassa samudayoti pajānāti.

Parato domanassindriyasamudayantiādīsupi tesaṃ tesaṃ kāraṇavaseneva samudayo veditabbo. Pattacīvarādīnaṃ vā hi saṅkhārānaṃ saddhivihārikādīnaṃ vā sattānaṃ vināsena domanassindriyaṃ uppajjatīti tesaṃ vināsaṃ tassa samudayoti pajānāti. Subhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā varasayane nipannassa hatthapādasambāhanatālavaṇṭavātādisamphassena sukhindriyaṃ uppajjati, taṃ phassaṃ tassa samudayoti pajānāti. Vuttappakārānaṃ pana sattasaṅkhārānaṃ manāpānaṃ paṭilābhavasena somanassindriyaṃ uppajjati, taṃ paṭilābhaṃ tassa samudayoti pajānāti. Majjhattākārena pana upekkhindriyaṃ uppajjati, taṃ sattasaṅkhāresu majjhattākāraṃ tassa samudayoti pajānāti.

Kattha cuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati, idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehītiādīsu pana ayaṃ ekatova vinicchayakathā – dukkhindriyañhi paṭhamajjhānassa upacārakkhaṇeyeva nirujjhati pahīnaṃ hoti, domanassādīni dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ. Evaṃ santepi tesaṃ atisayanirodhattā ayaṃ jhānesuyeva nirodho vutto. Atisayanirodho hi tesaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīsu, na nirodhoyeva, nirodhoyeva pana upacārakkhaṇe, nātisayanirodho. Tathā hi nānāvajjane paṭhamajjhānupacāre niruddhassāpi dukkhindriyassa ḍaṃsamakasādisamphassena vā visamāsanupatāpena vā siyā uppatti, na tveva antoappanāyaṃ. Upacāre vā niruddhampetaṃ na suṭṭhu niruddhaṃ hoti paṭipakkhena avihatattā. Antoappanāyaṃ pana pītipharaṇena sabbo kāyo sukhokkanto hoti, sukhokkantakāyassa ca suṭṭhu niruddhaṃ hoti dukkhindriyaṃ paṭipakkhena vihatattā. Nānāvajjaneyeva ca dutiyajjhānupacāre pahīnassa domanassindriyassa yasmā etaṃ vitakkavicārapaccayepi kāyakilamathe cittupaghāte ca sati uppajjati, vitakkavicārābhāve neva uppajjati. Yattha pana uppajjati, tattha vitakkavicārabhāve, appahīnā eva ca dutiyajjhānupacāre vitakkavicārāti tatthassa siyā uppatti. Na tveva dutiyajjhāne pahīnapaccayattā. Tathā tatiyajjhānupacāre pahīnassāpi sukhindriyassa pītisamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpaphuṭṭhakāyassa siyā uppatti, na tveva tatiyajjhāne. Tatiyajjhāne hi sukhassa paccayabhūtā pīti sabbaso niruddhā. Tathā catutthajjhānupacāre pahīnassāpi somanassindriyassa āsannattā appanāppattāya upekkhāya abhāvena sammā anatikkantattā ca siyā uppatti, na tveva catutthajjhāne. Tasmā ‘‘ettha cuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhatī’’ti tattha tattha aparisesaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ.

Yaṃ panettha tadatthāya cittaṃ upasaṃharatīti vuttaṃ, tattha alābhī samāno uppādanatthāya cittaṃ upasaṃharati, lābhī samāno samāpajjanatthāyāti evamattho veditabbo. Imesu dvīsupi suttesu sammasanavārova kathitoti.

Sukhindriyavaggo catuttho.

5. Jarāvaggo

1. Jarādhammasuttavaṇṇanā

511. Pañcamavaggassa paṭhame pacchātapeti pāsādacchāyāya puratthimadisaṃ paṭicchannattā pāsādassa pacchimadisābhāge ātapo hoti, tasmiṃ ṭhāne paññattavarabuddhāsane nisinnoti attho . Piṭṭhiṃ otāpayamānoti yasmā sammāsambuddhassapi upādinnakasarīre uṇhakāle uṇhaṃ hoti, sītakāle sītaṃ, ayañca himapātasītasamayo. Tasmā mahācīvaraṃ otāretvā sūriyarasmīhi piṭṭhiṃ otāpayamāno nisīdi.

Kiṃ pana buddharasmiyo madditvā sūriyarasmi anto pavisituṃ sakkotīti? Na sakkoti. Evaṃ sante kiṃ tāpetīti? Rasmitejaṃ. Yatheva hi ṭhitamajjhanhike parimaṇḍalāya chāyāya rukkhamūle nisinnassa kiñcāpi sūriyarasmiyo sarīraṃ na phusanti, sabbadisāsu pana tejo pharati, aggijālāhi parikkhitto viya hoti, evaṃ sūriyarasmīsu buddharasmiyo madditvā anto pavisituṃ asakkuṇantīsupi satthā tejaṃ tāpento nisinnoti veditabbo.

Anomajjantoti piṭṭhiparikammakaraṇavasena anumajjanto. Acchariyaṃ bhanteti thero bhagavato piṭṭhito mahācīvaraṃ otāretvā nisinnassa dvinnaṃ aṃsakūṭānaṃ antare suvaṇṇāvaṭṭaṃ viya kesaggappamāṇaṃ valiyāvaṭṭaṃ disvā – ‘‘evarūpepi nāma sarīre jarā paññāyatī’’ti sañjātasaṃvego jaraṃ garahanto evamāha. Garahanacchariyaṃ nāma kiretaṃ.

Na cevaṃ dāni, bhante, bhagavato tāva parisuddhoti yathā pakatiyā chavivaṇṇo parisuddho, na evametarahīti dīpento evamāha. Tathāgatassa hi daharakāle saṅkusatasamabbhāhataṃ usabhacammaṃ viya vihatavaliko kāyo hoti, tasmiṃ ṭhapito hattho bhassateva, na santiṭṭhati, telapuñchanākārappatto viya hoti. Mahallakakāle pana sirājālā milāyanti, sandhipabbāni sithilāni honti, maṃsaṃ aṭṭhito muccitvā sithilabhāvaṃ āpajjitvā tattha tattha olambati. Buddhānaṃ pana evarūpaṃ na hoti. Aññesaṃ apākaṭaṃ, santikāvacarattā ānandattherasseva pākaṭaṃ hoti, tasmā evamāha.

Sithilāni ca gattānīti aññesaṃ mukhe aṃsakūṭantarehi tesu tesu ṭhānesu valiyo santiṭṭhanti, satthu panetaṃ natthi, thero ca dvinnaṃ aṃsakūṭānaṃ antare valiyāvaṭṭakaṃ disvā evamāha. Sabbāni valiyajātānīti idampi attano pākaṭavasena evamāha – satthu pana aññesaṃ viya valiyo nāma natthi. Purato pabbhāro ca kāyoti satthā brahmujugatto, devanagare samussitasuvaṇṇatoraṇaṃ viyassa kāyo ujukameva uggato. Mahallakakāle pana kāyo purato vaṅko hoti, svāyaṃ aññesaṃ apākaṭo, santikāvacarattā pana therasseva pākaṭo, tasmā evamāha. Dissati ca indriyānaṃ aññathattanti indriyāni nāma na cakkhuviññeyyāni. Yato pana pakatiyā parisuddho chavivaṇṇo, idāni na tathā parisuddho, aṃsakūṭantare vali paññāyati , brahmujukāyo purato vaṅko, imināva kāraṇena cakkhādīnañca indriyānaṃ aññathattena bhavitabbanti nayaggāhato evamāha. Dhī taṃ jammi jare atthūti lāmake jare dhī taṃ tuyhaṃ hotu, dhikkāro taṃ phusatu. Bimbanti attabhāvo.

2. Uṇṇābhabrāhmaṇasuttavaṇṇanā

512. Dutiye gocaravisayanti gocarabhūtaṃ visayaṃ. Aññamaññassāti cakkhu sotassa, sotaṃ vā cakkhussāti evaṃ ekaṃ ekassa gocaravisayaṃ na paccanubhoti. Sace hi nīlādibhedaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ samodhānetvā sotindriyassa upaneyya – ‘‘iṅgha tvaṃ tāva naṃ vavatthapehi vibhāvehi ‘kinnāmetaṃ ārammaṇa’’’nti. Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ vināpi mukhena attano dhammatāya evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘are, andhabāla, vassasatampi vassasahassampi vassasatasahassampi paridhāvamāno aññatra mayā kuhiṃ etassa jānanakaṃ labhissasi, taṃ āhara, cakkhupasāde upanehi, ahametaṃ ārammaṇaṃ jānissāmi – yadi vā nīlaṃ, yadi vā pītakaṃ. Na hi eso aññassa visayo, mayhameveso visayo’’ti. Sesadvāresupi eseva nayo. Evametāni aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṃ na paccanubhonti nāma.

Kiṃ paṭisaraṇanti etesaṃ kiṃ paṭisaraṇaṃ, kiṃ etāni paṭisarantīti pucchati. Mano paṭisaraṇanti javanamano paṭisaraṇaṃ. Manova nesanti manodvārikajavanamanova etesaṃ gocaravisayaṃ rajjanādivasena anubhoti. Cakkhuviññāṇañhi rūpadassanamattameva, ettha rajjanaṃ vā dussanaṃ vā muyhanaṃ vā natthi. Ekasmiṃ pana dvāre javanaṃ rajjati vā dussati vā muyhati vā. Sotaviññāṇādīsupi eseva nayo.

Tatrāyaṃ upamā – pañca kira dubbalabhojakā rājānaṃ sevitvā kicchena kasirena ekasmiṃ pañcakulike gāme parittakaṃ āyaṃ labhiṃsu. Tesaṃ tattha macchabhāgo maṃsabhāgo, addukahāpaṇo vā yottakahāpaṇo vā māsakahāpaṇo vā aṭṭhakahāpaṇo vā soḷasakahāpaṇo vā catusaṭṭhikahāpaṇo vā daṇḍoti ettakamattameva pāpuṇāti, satavatthukaṃ pañcasatavatthukaṃ sahassavatthukaṃ mahābaliṃ rājāva gaṇhāti.

Tattha pañcakulikagāmā viya pañcapasādā daṭṭhabbā, pañca dubbalabhojakā viya pañcaviññāṇāni; rājā viya javanaṃ, dubbalabhojakānaṃ parittakaāyapāpuṇanaṃ viya cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ rūpadassanādimattaṃ, rajjanādi pana etesu natthi . Rañño mahābaliggahaṇaṃ viya tesu dvāresu javanassa rajjanādīni veditabbāni. Evamettha manoti kusalākusalajavanaṃ vuttaṃ.

Sati paṭisaraṇanti maggasati paṭisaraṇaṃ. Javanamano hi maggasatiṃ paṭisarati. Vimuttīti phalavimutti. Paṭisaraṇanti phalavimuttiyā nibbānaṃ paṭisaraṇaṃ. Tañhi sā paṭisarati. Nāsakkhi pañhassa pariyantaṃ gahetunti pañhassa paricchedaṃ pamāṇaṃ gahetuṃ nāsakkhi, appaṭisaraṇaṃ dhammaṃ ‘‘sappaṭisaraṇa’’nti pucchi. Nibbānaṃ nāmetaṃ appaṭisaraṇaṃ, na kiñci paṭisarati. Nibbānogadhanti nibbānabbhantaraṃ nibbānaṃ anupaviṭṭhaṃ. Brahmacariyanti maggabrahmacariyaṃ. Nibbānaparāyaṇanti nibbānaṃ paraṃ ayanamassa parā gati, na tato paraṃ gacchatīti attho. Nibbānaṃ pariyosānaṃ avasānaṃ assāti nibbānapariyosānaṃ.

Mūlajātā patiṭṭhitāti maggena āgatasaddhā vuccati. Imamhi ce, bhikkhave, samayeti kiṃ sandhāyāha? Jhānaanāgāmitaṃ. Tasmiñhi samaye brāhmaṇassa paṭhamamaggena pañca akusalacittāni pahīnāni, paṭhamajjhānena pañca nīvaraṇānīti jhānaanāgāmiṭṭhāne ṭhito. So aparihīnajjhāno kālaṃ katvā tattheva parinibbāyeyya. Sace panassa puttadāraṃ anusāsantassa kammante vicārentassa jhānaṃ nassati, naṭṭhe jhāne gati anibaddhā hoti, anaṭṭhe pana nibaddhāti imaṃ jhānaanāgāmitaṃ sandhāya evamāha.

3. Sāketasuttavaṇṇanā

513. Tatiye añjanavaneti añjanavaṇṇapupphānaṃ rukkhānaṃ ropitavane. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, saddhindriyaṃ, taṃ saddhābalanti tañhi adhimokkhalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhena saddhindriyaṃ, assaddhiye akampanena saddhābalaṃ. Itaresaṃ paggahaupaṭṭhānaavikkhepapajānanalakkhaṇesu indaṭṭhena indriyabhāvo, kosajjamuṭṭhasaccavikkhepāvijjāsu akampanena balabhāvo veditabbo. Evameva khoti tassā nadiyā ekasotaṃ viya saddhāvīriyasatisamādhipaññāvasena etesaṃ ninnānākaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ, dve sotāni viya indaṭṭhaakampanaṭṭhehi indriyabalavasena nānākaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ.

4. Pubbakoṭṭhakasuttavaṇṇanā

514. Catutthe amatogadhanti amatabbhantaraṃ. Amataparāyaṇanti amatanibbattikaṃ. Amatapariyosānanti amataniṭṭhaṃ. Sādhu sādhūti therassa byākaraṇaṃ pasaṃsanto sādhukāraṃ deti.

5. Paṭhamapubbārāmasuttavaṇṇanā

515. Pañcame tadanvayāti taṃ anugacchamānā, anuvattamānāti attho. Pubbakoṭṭhakaṃ ādiṃ katvā paṭipāṭiyā chasu suttesu phalindriyāneva kathitāni.

10. Āpaṇasuttavaṇṇanā

520. Dasame ime kho te dhammāti upari saha vipassanāya tayo maggā. Ye me pubbe sutāva ahesunti ye dhammā mayā pubbe ‘‘arahattaphalindriyaṃ nāma atthī’’ti kathentānaṃyeva sutā ahesuṃ. Kāyena ca phusitvāti nāmakāyena ca phusitvā paṭilabhitvā. Paññāya ca ativijjha passāmīti paccavekkhaṇapaññāya ca ativijjhitvā passāmi. Yā hissa, bhante, saddhāti ayaṃ katarasaddhā? Catūhi indriyehi sampayuttā saddhā heṭṭhā kathitāva, ayaṃ pana paccavekkhaṇasaddhā. Sampayuttasaddhā hi missakā, paccavekkhaṇasaddhā lokiyāva. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.

Jarāvaggo pañcamo.

6. Sūkarakhatavaggo

1. Sālasuttavaṇṇanā

521. Chaṭṭhavaggassa paṭhame sūrenāti sūrabhāvena. Bodhāyāti bujjhanatthāya.

2. Mallikasuttavaṇṇanā

522. Dutiye mallesūti evaṃnāmake janapade. Imasmiṃ sutte cattāri indriyāni missakāni, ariyañāṇaṃ lokuttaraṃ. Tampi pana catukkindriyanissitaṃ katvā missakanti bhājetuṃ vaṭṭati.

3. Sekhasuttavaṇṇanā

523. Tatiye na heva kho kāyena phusitvā viharatīti na nāmakāyena phusitvā paṭilabhitvā viharati, phusituṃ paṭilabhituṃ na sakkoti. Paññāya ca ativijjha passatīti paccavekkhaṇapaññāya pana ‘‘upari arahattaphalindriyaṃ nāma atthī’’ti pajānāti. Asekhabhūmiyaṃ phusitvā viharatīti paṭilabhitvā viharati. Paññāyāti paccavekkhaṇapaññāya ‘‘arahattaphalindriyaṃ nāma atthī’’ti pajānāti. Na kuhiñci kismiñcīti dvepi aññamaññavevacanāneva, kismiñci bhave na uppajjissantīti attho. Imasmiṃ sutte pañcindriyāni lokuttarāni, cha lokikāni vaṭṭanissitāneva kathitāni.

4-5. Padasuttādivaṇṇanā

524-525. Catutthe yāni kānici padāni bodhāya saṃvattantīti yāni kānici dhammapadāni, ye keci dhammakoṭṭhāsā, bujjhanatthāya saṃvattanti. Pañcamaṃ uttānameva.

6-7. Patiṭṭhitasuttādivaṇṇanā

526-527. Chaṭṭhe cittaṃ rakkhati āsavesu ca sāsavesu ca dhammesūti tebhūmakadhamme ārabbha āsavuppattiṃ vārento āsavesu ca sāsavesu ca dhammesu cittaṃ rakkhati nāma. Sattamaṃ uttānameva.

8. Sūkarakhatasuttavaṇṇanā

528. Aṭṭhame sūkarakhatāyanti sūkarakhataleṇe. Kassapabuddhakāle kira taṃ leṇaṃ ekasmiṃ buddhantare pathaviyā vaḍḍhamānāya antobhūmigataṃ jātaṃ. Athekadivasaṃ eko sūkaro tassa chadanapariyantasamīpe paṃsuṃ khaṇi. Deve vuṭṭhe paṃsu dhotā, chadanapariyanto pākaṭo ahosi. Eko vanacarako disvā ‘‘pubbe sīlavantehi paribhuttaṭṭhānena bhavitabbaṃ, paṭijaggissāmi na’’nti samantato paṃsuṃ apanetvā leṇaṃ sodhetvā kuṭiparikkhepaṃ katvā dvāravātapānaṃ yojetvā supariniṭṭhitasudhākammacittakammaṃ rajatapaṭṭasadisāya vālikāya santharitaṃ pariveṇaṃ katvā mañcapīṭhaṃ paññāpetvā bhagavato vasanatthāya adāsi, leṇaṃ gambhīraṃ ahosi otaritvā āruhitabbaṃ. Taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Paramanipaccakāranti bhāvanapuṃsakaṃ, paramanipaccakārī hutvā pavattamāno pavattatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Anuttaraṃ yogakkhemanti arahattaṃ. Sappatissoti sajeṭṭhako. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.

Sūkarakhatavaggo chaṭṭho.