6. Abyākatavaggo
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6. Abyākatavaggo
1. Abyākatasuttaṃ
54. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo yena sutavato ariyasāvakassa vicikicchā nuppajjati abyākatavatthūsū’’ti?
‘‘Diṭṭhinirodhā kho, bhikkhu, sutavato ariyasāvakassa vicikicchā nuppajjati abyākatavatthūsu. ‘Hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho, bhikkhu, diṭṭhigatametaṃ; ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho, bhikkhu, diṭṭhigatametaṃ; ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho, bhikkhu, diṭṭhigatametaṃ; ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho, bhikkhu, diṭṭhigatametaṃ. Assutavā, bhikkhu, puthujjano diṭṭhiṃ nappajānāti, diṭṭhisamudayaṃ nappajānāti, diṭṭhinirodhaṃ nappajānāti, diṭṭhinirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānāti. Tassa sā diṭṭhi pavaḍḍhati, so na parimuccati jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, na parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmi.
‘‘Sutavā ca kho, bhikkhu, ariyasāvako diṭṭhiṃ pajānāti, diṭṭhisamudayaṃ pajānāti, diṭṭhinirodhaṃ pajānāti, diṭṭhinirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti. Tassa sā diṭṭhi nirujjhati, so parimuccati jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Evaṃ jānaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako evaṃ passaṃ ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’tipi na byākaroti; ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’tipi na byākaroti; ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’tipi na byākaroti; ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’tipi na byākaroti. Evaṃ jānaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako evaṃ passaṃ evaṃ abyākaraṇadhammo hoti abyākatavatthūsu . Evaṃ jānaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako evaṃ passaṃ na chambhati, na kampati, na vedhati, na santāsaṃ āpajjati abyākatavatthūsu.
‘‘‘Hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho, bhikkhu, taṇhāgatametaṃ…pe… saññāgatametaṃ …pe… maññitametaṃ…pe… papañcitametaṃ…pe… upādānagatametaṃ…pe… ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho, bhikkhu, vippaṭisāro eso; ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho, bhikkhu, vippaṭisāro eso; ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho, bhikkhu, vippaṭisāro eso; ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho, bhikkhu, vippaṭisāro eso. Assutavā, bhikkhu, puthujjano vippaṭisāraṃ nappajānāti, vippaṭisārasamudayaṃ nappajānāti, vippaṭisāranirodhaṃ nappajānāti, vippaṭisāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānāti. Tassa so vippaṭisāro pavaḍḍhati, so na parimuccati jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, na parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmi.
‘‘Sutavā ca kho, bhikkhu, ariyasāvako vippaṭisāraṃ pajānāti, vippaṭisārasamudayaṃ pajānāti, vippaṭisāranirodhaṃ pajānāti , vippaṭisāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti. Tassa so vippaṭisāro nirujjhati, so parimuccati jātiyā…pe… dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Evaṃ jānaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako evaṃ passaṃ ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’tipi na byākaroti…pe… ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’tipi na byākaroti. Evaṃ jānaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako evaṃ passaṃ evaṃ abyākaraṇadhammo hoti abyākatavatthūsu. Evaṃ jānaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako evaṃ passaṃ na chambhati, na kampati, na vedhati, na santāsaṃ āpajjati abyākatavatthūsu. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhu, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena sutavato ariyasāvakassa vicikicchā nuppajjati abyākatavatthūsū’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
2. Purisagatisuttaṃ
55. ‘‘Satta ca [satta (sī.), satta ca kho (ka.)], bhikkhave, purisagatiyo desessāmi anupādā ca parinibbānaṃ [parinibbāṇaṃ (sī.)]. Taṃ suṇātha , sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘katamā ca, bhikkhave, satta purisagatiyo?
‘‘Idha , bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – ‘no cassa no ca me siyā, na bhavissati na me bhavissati, yadatthi yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ pajahāmī’ti upekkhaṃ paṭilabhati. So bhave na rajjati, sambhave na rajjati, atthuttari padaṃ santaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tañca khvassa padaṃ na sabbena sabbaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti, tassa na sabbena sabbaṃ mānānusayo pahīno hoti, na sabbena sabbaṃ bhavarāgānusayo pahīno hoti, na sabbena sabbaṃ avijjānusayo pahīno hoti. So pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, divasaṃsantatte [divasasantatte (sī. syā.) ma. ni. 2.154] ayokapāle haññamāne papaṭikā nibbattitvā nibbāyeyya. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – ‘no cassa no ca me siyā, na bhavissati na me bhavissati, yadatthi yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ pajahāmī’ti upekkhaṃ paṭilabhati. So bhave na rajjati, sambhave na rajjati, atthuttari padaṃ santaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tañca khvassa padaṃ na sabbena sabbaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti, tassa na sabbena sabbaṃ mānānusayo pahīno hoti, na sabbena sabbaṃ bhavarāgānusayo pahīno hoti, na sabbena sabbaṃ avijjānusayo pahīno hoti. So pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti.
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – ‘no cassa no ca me siyā, na bhavissati na me bhavissati, yadatthi yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ pajahāmī’ti upekkhaṃ paṭilabhati. So bhave na rajjati, sambhave na rajjati, atthuttari padaṃ santaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tañca khvassa padaṃ na sabbena sabbaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti, tassa na sabbena sabbaṃ mānānusayo pahīno hoti, na sabbena sabbaṃ bhavarāgānusayo pahīno hoti, na sabbena sabbaṃ avijjānusayo pahīno hoti. So pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, divasaṃsantatte ayokapāle haññamāne papaṭikā nibbattitvā uppatitvā nibbāyeyya. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – no cassa no ca me siyā…pe… so pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti.
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – no cassa no ca me siyā…pe… so pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, divasaṃsantatte ayokapāle haññamāne papaṭikā nibbattitvā uppatitvā anupahacca talaṃ nibbāyeyya. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – no cassa no ca me siyā…pe… so pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā antarāparinibbāyī hoti.
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – no cassa no ca me siyā…pe… so pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā upahaccaparinibbāyī hoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, divasaṃsantatte ayokapāle haññamāne papaṭikā nibbattitvā uppatitvā upahacca talaṃ nibbāyeyya. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – no cassa no ca me siyā…pe… so pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā upahaccaparinibbāyī hoti.
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – no cassa no ca me siyā…pe… so pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā asaṅkhāraparinibbāyī hoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, divasaṃsantatte ayokapāle haññamāne papaṭikā nibbattitvā uppatitvā paritte tiṇapuñje vā kaṭṭhapuñje vā nipateyya. Sā tattha aggimpi janeyya, dhūmampi janeyya, aggimpi janetvā dhūmampi janetvā tameva parittaṃ tiṇapuñjaṃ vā kaṭṭhapuñjaṃ vā pariyādiyitvā anāhārā nibbāyeyya. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – no cassa no ca me siyā…pe… so pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā asaṅkhāraparinibbāyī hoti.
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – no cassa no ca me siyā…pe… so pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyī hoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, divasaṃsantatte ayokapāle haññamāne papaṭikā nibbattitvā uppatitvā vipule tiṇapuñje vā kaṭṭhapuñje vā nipateyya. Sā tattha aggimpi janeyya, dhūmampi janeyya, aggimpi janetvā dhūmampi janetvā tameva vipulaṃ tiṇapuñjaṃ vā kaṭṭhapuñjaṃ vā pariyādiyitvā anāhārā nibbāyeyya. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – no cassa no ca me siyā…pe… so pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyī hoti.
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – ‘no cassa no ca me siyā, na bhavissati na me bhavissati, yadatthi yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ pajahāmī’ti upekkhaṃ paṭilabhati. So bhave na rajjati, sambhave na rajjati, atthuttari padaṃ santaṃ sammapaññāya passati. Tañca khvassa padaṃ na sabbena sabbaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti, tassa na sabbena sabbaṃ mānānusayo pahīno hoti, na sabbena sabbaṃ bhavarāgānusayo pahīno hoti, na sabbena sabbaṃ avijjānusayo pahīno hoti. So pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā uddhaṃsoto hoti akaniṭṭhagāmī. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, divasaṃsantatte ayokapāle haññamāne papaṭikā nibbattitvā uppatitvā mahante tiṇapuñje vā kaṭṭhapuñje vā nipateyya. Sā tattha aggimpi janeyya, dhūmampi janeyya, aggimpi janetvā dhūmampi janetvā tameva mahantaṃ tiṇapuñjaṃ vā kaṭṭhapuñjaṃ vā pariyādiyitvā gacchampi daheyya [ḍaheyya (aññattha)], dāyampi daheyya, gacchampi dahitvā dāyampi dahitvā haritantaṃ vā pathantaṃ vā [panthantaṃ vā (sī.) syāmapotthake idaṃ na dissati] selantaṃ vā udakantaṃ vā ramaṇīyaṃ vā bhūmibhāgaṃ āgamma anāhārā nibbāyeyya. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – no cassa no ca me siyā…pe… so pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā uddhaṃsoto hoti akaniṭṭhagāmī. Imā kho, bhikkhave, satta purisagatiyo.
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, anupādāparinibbānaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ paṭipanno hoti – ‘no cassa no ca me siyā, na bhavissati na me bhavissati, yadatthi yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ pajahāmī’ti upekkhaṃ paṭilabhati. So bhave na rajjati, sambhave na rajjati, atthuttari padaṃ santaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tañca khvassa padaṃ sabbena sabbaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti, tassa sabbena sabbaṃ mānānusayo pahīno hoti, sabbena sabbaṃ bhavarāgānusayo pahīno hoti, sabbena sabbaṃ avijjānusayo pahīno hoti. So āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, anupādāparinibbānaṃ. Imā kho, bhikkhave, satta purisagatiyo anupādā ca parinibbāna’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.
3. Tissabrahmāsuttaṃ
56. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Atha kho dve devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ gijjhakūṭaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho ekā devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘etā, bhante, bhikkhuniyo vimuttā’’ti. Aparā devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘etā, bhante, bhikkhuniyo anupādisesā suvimuttā’’ti. Idamavocuṃ tā devatā. Samanuñño satthā ahosi. Atha kho tā devatā ‘‘samanuñño satthā’’ti bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyiṃsu.
Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘imaṃ, bhikkhave, rattiṃ dve devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ gijjhakūṭaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, ekā devatā maṃ etadavoca – ‘etā, bhante, bhikkhuniyo vimuttā’ti. Aparā devatā maṃ etadavoca – ‘etā, bhante, bhikkhuniyo anupādisesā suvimuttā’ti. Idamavocuṃ, bhikkhave, tā devatā. Idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyiṃsū’’ti.
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhagavato avidūre nisinno hoti. Atha kho āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa etadahosi – ‘‘katamesānaṃ kho devānaṃ evaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’’’ti? Tena kho pana samayena tisso nāma bhikkhu adhunākālaṅkato aññataraṃ brahmalokaṃ upapanno hoti. Tatrāpi naṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘‘tisso brahmā mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo’’ti.
Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evamevaṃ – gijjhakūṭe pabbate antarahito tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Addasā kho tisso brahmā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ehi kho, mārisa moggallāna; svāgataṃ, mārisa moggallāna! Cirassaṃ kho, mārisa moggallāna, imaṃ pariyāyamakāsi , yadidaṃ idhāgamanāya. Nisīda, mārisa moggallāna, idamāsanaṃ paññatta’’nti. Nisīdi kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno paññatte āsane. Tissopi kho brahmā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho tissaṃ brahmānaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca – ‘‘katamesānaṃ kho, tissa , devānaṃ evaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’’’ti? ‘‘Brahmakāyikānaṃ kho, mārisa moggallāna, devānaṃ evaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’’’ti.
‘‘Sabbesaññeva kho, tissa, brahmakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ evaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, mārisa moggallāna, sabbesaṃ brahmakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ evaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’’’ti.
‘‘Ye kho te, mārisa moggallāna, brahmakāyikā devā brahmena āyunā santuṭṭhā brahmena vaṇṇena brahmena sukhena brahmena yasena brahmena ādhipateyyena santuṭṭhā, te uttari nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti. Tesaṃ na evaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’ti. Ye ca kho te, mārisa moggallāna, brahmakāyikā devā brahmena āyunā asantuṭṭhā, brahmena vaṇṇena brahmena sukhena brahmena yasena brahmena ādhipateyyena asantuṭṭhā, te ca uttari nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti. Tesaṃ evaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’’’ti.
‘‘Idha, mārisa moggallāna, bhikkhu ubhatobhāgavimutto hoti. Tamenaṃ te devā evaṃ jānanti – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā ubhatobhāgavimutto. Yāvassa kāyo ṭhassati tāva naṃ dakkhanti devamanussā. Kāyassa bhedā na naṃ dakkhanti devamanussā’ti. Evampi kho, mārisa moggallāna , tesaṃ devānaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’’’ti.
‘‘Idha pana, mārisa moggallāna, bhikkhu paññāvimutto hoti. Tamenaṃ te devā evaṃ jānanti – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā paññāvimutto. Yāvassa kāyo ṭhassati tāva naṃ dakkhanti devamanussā. Kāyassa bhedā na naṃ dakkhanti devamanussā’ti. Evampi kho, mārisa moggallāna, tesaṃ devānaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’’’ti.
‘‘Idha pana, mārisa moggallāna, bhikkhu kāyasakkhī hoti. Tamenaṃ devā evaṃ jānanti – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā kāyasakkhī. Appeva nāma ayamāyasmā anulomikāni senāsanāni paṭisevamāno kalyāṇamitte bhajamāno indriyāni samannānayamāno – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyā’ti. Evampi kho, mārisa moggallāna, tesaṃ devānaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’’’ti.
‘‘Idha pana, mārisa moggallāna, bhikkhu diṭṭhippatto hoti…pe… saddhāvimutto hoti…pe… dhammānusārī hoti. Tamenaṃ te devā evaṃ jānanti – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā dhammānusārī . Appeva nāma ayamāyasmā anulomikāni senāsanāni paṭisevamāno kalyāṇamitte bhajamāno indriyāni samannānayamāno – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyā’ti. Evampi kho, mārisa moggallāna, tesaṃ devānaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’’’ti.
Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno tissassa brahmuno bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evamevaṃ – brahmaloke antarahito gijjhakūṭe pabbate pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno yāvatako ahosi tissena brahmunā saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesi.
‘‘Na hi pana te, moggallāna, tisso brahmā sattamaṃ animittavihāriṃ puggalaṃ deseti’’. ‘‘Etassa, bhagavā, kālo; etassa, sugata, kālo! Yaṃ bhagavā sattamaṃ animittavihāriṃ puggalaṃ deseyya. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, moggallāna, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
‘‘Idha, moggallāna, bhikkhu sabbanimittānaṃ amanasikārā animittaṃ cetosamādhiṃ upasampajja viharati. Tamenaṃ te devā evaṃ jānanti – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā sabbanimittānaṃ amanasikārā animittaṃ cetosamādhiṃ upasampajja viharati. Appeva nāma ayamāyasmā anulomikāni senāsanāni paṭisevamāno kalyāṇamitte bhajamāno indriyāni samannānayamāno – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyā’ti. Evaṃ kho, moggallāna, tesaṃ devānaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘saupādisese vā saupādisesoti, anupādisese vā anupādiseso’’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
4. Sīhasenāpatisuttaṃ
57. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho sīho senāpati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sīho senāpati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sakkā nu kho, bhante, sandiṭṭhikaṃ dānaphalaṃ paññāpetu’’nti?
‘‘Tena hi, sīha, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, sīha, idha dve purisā – eko puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, eko puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, sīha, kaṃ nu kho [kiṃ nu kho (ka.)] arahanto paṭhamaṃ anukampantā anukampeyyuṃ – ‘yo vā so puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, yo vā so puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato’’’ti?
‘‘Yo so, bhante, puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, kintaṃ [kinti (ka.)] arahanto paṭhamaṃ anukampantā anukampissanti! Yo ca kho so, bhante, puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato taṃyeva arahanto paṭhamaṃ anukampantā anukampeyyuṃ’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, sīha, kaṃ nu kho arahanto paṭhamaṃ upasaṅkamantā upasaṅkameyyuṃ – ‘yo vā so puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, yo vā so puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato’’’ti? ‘‘Yo so, bhante, puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, kintaṃ arahanto paṭhamaṃ upasaṅkamantā upasaṅkamissanti! Yo ca kho so, bhante, puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato taṃyeva arahanto paṭhamaṃ upasaṅkamantā upasaṅkameyyuṃ’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, sīha, kassa nu kho arahanto paṭhamaṃ paṭiggaṇhantā paṭiggaṇheyyuṃ – ‘yo vā so puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, yo vā so puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato’’’ti? ‘‘Yo so, bhante, puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, kintaṃ tassa arahanto paṭhamaṃ paṭiggaṇhantā paṭiggaṇhissanti! Yo ca kho so, bhante, puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato tasseva arahanto paṭhamaṃ paṭiggaṇhantā paṭiggaṇheyyuṃ’’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, sīha, kassa nu kho arahanto paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ desentā deseyyuṃ – ‘yo vā so puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, yo vā so puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato’’’ti? ‘‘Yo so, bhante, puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, kintaṃ tassa arahanto paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ desentā desessanti! Yo ca kho so, bhante, puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato tasseva arahanto paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ desentā deseyyuṃ’’ .
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, sīha, kassa nu kho kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggaccheyya – ‘yo vā so puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, yo vā so puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato’’’ti? ‘‘Yo so, bhante, puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, kintaṃ tassa kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchissati! Yo ca kho so, bhante, puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato tasseva kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggaccheyya’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, sīha, ko nu kho yaṃyadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkameyya, yadi khattiyaparisaṃ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ yadi gahapatiparisaṃ yadi samaṇaparisaṃ visārado upasaṅkameyya amaṅkubhūto – ‘yo vā so puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, yo vā so puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato’’’ti? ‘‘Yo so, bhante, puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, kiṃ so yaṃyadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamissati, yadi khattiyaparisaṃ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ yadi gahapatiparisaṃ yadi samaṇaparisaṃ visārado upasaṅkamissati amaṅkubhūto! Yo ca kho so, bhante, puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato so yaṃyadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkameyya, yadi khattiyaparisaṃ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ yadi gahapatiparisaṃ yadi samaṇaparisaṃ visārado upasaṅkameyya amaṅkubhūto’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, sīha, ko nu kho kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjeyya – ‘yo vā so puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, yo vā so puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato’’’ti ? ‘‘Yo so, bhante, puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, kiṃ so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati! Yo ca kho so, bhante, puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjeyya’’.
‘‘Yānimāni, bhante, bhagavatā sandiṭṭhikāni dānaphalāni akkhātāni, nāhaṃ ettha bhagavato saddhāya gacchāmi. Ahampi etāni jānāmi. Ahaṃ, bhante, dāyako dānapati, maṃ arahanto paṭhamaṃ anukampantā anukampanti. Ahaṃ, bhante, dāyako dānapati, maṃ arahanto paṭhamaṃ upasaṅkamantā upasaṅkamanti. Ahaṃ, bhante, dāyako dānapati, mayhaṃ arahanto paṭhamaṃ paṭiggaṇhantā paṭiggaṇhanti . Ahaṃ, bhante, dāyako dānapati, mayhaṃ arahanto paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ desentā desenti. Ahaṃ, bhante, dāyako dānapati, mayhaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘sīho senāpati dāyako kārako saṅghupaṭṭhāko’ti . Ahaṃ, bhante, dāyako dānapati yaṃyadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamāmi, yadi khattiyaparisaṃ…pe… yadi samaṇaparisaṃ visārado upasaṅkamāmi amaṅkubhūto. Yānimāni, bhante, bhagavatā sandiṭṭhikāni dānaphalāni akkhātāni, nāhaṃ ettha bhagavato saddhāya gacchāmi. Ahampi etāni jānāmi. Yañca kho maṃ, bhante, bhagavā evamāha – ‘dāyako, sīha, dānapati kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjatī’ti . Etāhaṃ na jānāmi, ettha ca panāhaṃ, bhagavato saddhāya gacchāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evametaṃ, sīha ; evametaṃ, sīha! Dāyako, sīha, dānapati kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjatī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
5. Arakkheyyasuttaṃ
58. ‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa arakkheyyāni, tīhi ca anupavajjo. Katamāni cattāri tathāgatassa arakkheyyāni? Parisuddhakāyasamācāro, bhikkhave, tathāgato; natthi tathāgatassa kāyaduccaritaṃ yaṃ tathāgato rakkheyya – ‘mā me idaṃ paro aññāsī’ti. Parisuddhavacīsamācāro, bhikkhave, tathāgato; natthi tathāgatassa vacīduccaritaṃ yaṃ tathāgato rakkheyya – ‘mā me idaṃ paro aññāsī’ti. Parisuddhamanosamācāro, bhikkhave, tathāgato; natthi tathāgatassa manoduccaritaṃ yaṃ tathāgato rakkheyya – ‘mā me idaṃ paro aññāsī’ti. Parisuddhājīvo, bhikkhave, tathāgato; natthi tathāgatassa micchāājīvo yaṃ tathāgato rakkheyya – ‘mā me idaṃ paro aññāsī’ti. Imāni cattāri tathāgatassa arakkheyyāni.
‘‘Katamehi tīhi anupavajjo? Svākkhātadhammo , bhikkhave, tathāgato. Tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessati – ‘itipi tvaṃ na svākkhātadhammo’ti. Nimittametaṃ, bhikkhave, na samanupassāmi. Etamahaṃ [etaṃpahaṃ (sī. syā.)], bhikkhave , nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi.
‘‘Supaññattā kho pana me, bhikkhave, sāvakānaṃ nibbānagāminī paṭipadā. Yathāpaṭipannā mama sāvakā āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti. Tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessati – ‘itipi te na supaññattā sāvakānaṃ nibbānagāminī paṭipadā. Yathāpaṭipannā tava sāvakā āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’ti. Nimittametaṃ, bhikkhave, na samanupassāmi . Etamahaṃ, bhikkhave, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi.
‘‘Anekasatā kho pana me, bhikkhave, sāvakaparisā āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti. Tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessati – ‘itipi te na anekasatā sāvakaparisā āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’ti. Nimittametaṃ, bhikkhave, na samanupassāmi. Etamahaṃ, bhikkhave, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi. Imehi tīhi anupavajjo.
‘‘Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri tathāgatassa arakkheyyāni, imehi ca tīhi anupavajjo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
6. Kimilasuttaṃ
59. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kimilāyaṃ viharati niculavane [veḷuvane (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) a. ni. 5.202; 7.40]. Atha kho āyasmā kimilo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā kimilo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo yena tathāgate parinibbute saddhammo na ciraṭṭhitiko hotī’’ti?
‘‘Idha , kimila, tathāgate parinibbute bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari agāravā viharanti appatissā, dhamme agāravā viharanti appatissā, saṅghe agāravā viharanti appatissā, sikkhāya agāravā viharanti appatissā, samādhismiṃ agāravā viharanti appatissā, appamāde agāravā viharanti appatissā, paṭisanthāre agāravā viharanti appatissā. Ayaṃ kho, kimila, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena tathāgate parinibbute saddhammo na ciraṭṭhitiko hotī’’ti.
‘‘Ko pana, bhante, hetu ko paccayo yena tathāgate parinibbute saddhammo ciraṭṭhitiko hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, kimila, tathāgate parinibbute bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, dhamme sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, saṅghe sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, sikkhāya sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, samādhismiṃ sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, appamāde sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, paṭisanthāre sagāravā viharanti sappatissā. Ayaṃ kho, kimila, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena tathāgate parinibbute saddhammo ciraṭṭhitiko hotī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
7. Sattadhammasuttaṃ
60. ‘‘Sattahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu nacirasseva āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyya. Katamehi sattahi ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saddho hoti, sīlavā hoti, bahussuto hoti, paṭisallīno hoti, āraddhavīriyo hoti, satimā hoti, paññavā hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, sattahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu nacirasseva āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
8. Pacalāyamānasuttaṃ
61. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bhaggesu viharati susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā mahāmoggallāno magadhesu kallavāḷaputtagāme [kallavālamuttagāme (syā.)] pacalāyamāno nisinno hoti. Addasā kho bhagavā dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ magadhesu kallavāḷaputtagāme pacalāyamānaṃ nisinnaṃ. Disvā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evamevaṃ – bhaggesu susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye antarahito magadhesu kallavāḷaputtagāme āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa sammukhe pāturahosi. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nisajja kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca –
‘‘Pacalāyasi no tvaṃ, moggallāna, pacalāyasi no tvaṃ, moggallānā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ . ‘‘Tasmātiha, moggallāna, yathāsaññissa te viharato taṃ middhaṃ okkamati, taṃ saññaṃ mā manasākāsi [mā manasikāsi (sī.), manasi kareyyāsi (syā.), manasākāsi (ka.)], taṃ saññaṃ mā bahulamakāsi [taṃ saññaṃ bahulaṃ kareyyāsi (syā.), taṃ saññaṃ bahulamakāsi (ka.)]. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, moggallāna, vijjati yaṃ te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha’’.
‘‘No ce te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha, tato tvaṃ, moggallāna, yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ cetasā anuvitakkeyyāsi anuvicāreyyāsi, manasā anupekkheyyāsi. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati yaṃ te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha.
‘‘No ce te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha, tato tvaṃ, moggallāna, yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena sajjhāyaṃ kareyyāsi. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati yaṃ te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha.
‘‘No ce te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha, tato tvaṃ, moggallāna, ubho kaṇṇasotāni āviñcheyyāsi [āviñjeyyāsi (sī. syā.)], pāṇinā gattāni anumajjeyyāsi. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati yaṃ te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha.
‘‘No ce te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha, tato tvaṃ, moggallāna, uṭṭhāyāsanā udakena akkhīni anumajjitvā [paniñjitvā (ka.)] disā anuvilokeyyāsi , nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni ullokeyyāsi. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati yaṃ te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha.
‘‘No ce te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha, tato tvaṃ, moggallāna, ālokasaññaṃ manasi kareyyāsi, divāsaññaṃ adhiṭṭhaheyyāsi – yathā divā tathā rattiṃ yathā rattiṃ tathā divā. Iti vivaṭena [vivaṭṭena (syā.), middhavigatena (ka.)] cetasā apariyonaddhena sappabhāsaṃ cittaṃ bhāveyyāsi. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati yaṃ te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha.
‘‘No ce te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha, tato tvaṃ, moggallāna, pacchāpuresaññī [pacchāpure tathāsaññī (katthaci)] caṅkamaṃ adhiṭṭhaheyyāsi antogatehi indriyehi abahigatena mānasena. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati yaṃ te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha.
‘‘No ce te evaṃ viharato taṃ middhaṃ pahīyetha, tato tvaṃ, moggallāna, dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappeyyāsi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā. Paṭibuddhena ca [paṭibuddheneva (syā.)] te, moggallāna, khippaññeva paccuṭṭhātabbaṃ – ‘na seyyasukhaṃ na passasukhaṃ na middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharissāmī’ti. Evañhi te, moggallāna, sikkhitabbaṃ.
‘‘Tasmātiha, moggallāna, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘na uccāsoṇḍaṃ paggahetvā kulāni upasaṅkamissāmī’ti. Evañhi te, moggallāna, sikkhitabbaṃ. Sace, moggallāna, bhikkhu uccāsoṇḍaṃ paggahetvā kulāni upasaṅkamati, santi hi, moggallāna, kulesu kiccakaraṇīyāni. Yehi manussā āgataṃ bhikkhuṃ na manasi karonti, tatra bhikkhussa evaṃ hoti – ‘kosu nāma idāni maṃ imasmiṃ kule paribhindi, virattarūpā dānime mayi manussā’ti. Itissa alābhena maṅkubhāvo, maṅkubhūtassa uddhaccaṃ, uddhatassa asaṃvaro, asaṃvutassa ārā cittaṃ samādhimhā.
‘‘Tasmātiha, moggallāna, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘na viggāhikakathaṃ kathessāmī’ti. Evañhi te, moggallāna, sikkhitabbaṃ. Viggāhikāya, moggallāna, kathāya sati kathābāhullaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ, kathābāhulle sati uddhaccaṃ, uddhatassa asaṃvaro, asaṃvutassa ārā cittaṃ samādhimhā [nāhaṃ moggalāna sabbeheva samaggaṃ vaṇṇayāmi gahaṭṭhehi. pabbajitehi kho ahaṃ moggallāna samaggaṃ vaṇṇayāmi (ka.)]. Nāhaṃ, moggallāna, sabbeheva saṃsaggaṃ vaṇṇayāmi. Na panāhaṃ , moggallāna, sabbeheva saṃsaggaṃ na vaṇṇayāmi. Sagahaṭṭhapabbajitehi kho ahaṃ, moggallāna, saṃsaggaṃ na vaṇṇayāmi [nāhaṃ moggallāna sabbeheva samaggaṃ vaṇṇayāmi gahaṭṭhehi, pabbajitehi kho ahaṃ moggallāna samaggaṃ vaṇṇayāmi (ka.)]. Yāni ca kho tāni senāsanāni appasaddāni appanigghosāni vijanavātāni manussarāhasseyyakāni [manussarāhaseyyakāni (sī. syā.)] paṭisallānasāruppāni tathārūpehi senāsanehi saṃsaggaṃ [samaggaṃ (ka.)] vaṇṇayāmī’’ti.
Evaṃ vutte āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bhikkhu saṃkhittena taṇhāsaṅkhayavimutto hoti accantaniṭṭho accantayogakkhemī accantabrahmacārī accantapariyosāno seṭṭho devamanussāna’’nti?
‘‘Idha, moggallāna, bhikkhuno sutaṃ hoti – ‘sabbe dhammā nālaṃ abhinivesāyā’ti; evañcetaṃ, moggallāna, bhikkhuno sutaṃ hoti – ‘sabbe dhammā nālaṃ abhinivesāyā’ti. So sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhijānāti, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhiññāya sabbaṃ dhammaṃ parijānāti. Sabbaṃ dhammaṃ pariññāya yaṃkiñci vedanaṃ vediyati sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā. So tāsu vedanāsu aniccānupassī viharati, virāgānupassī viharati, nirodhānupassī viharati, paṭinissaggānupassī viharati. So tāsu vedanāsu aniccānupassī viharanto virāgānupassī viharanto nirodhānupassī viharanto paṭinissaggānupassī viharanto na kiñci [na ca kiñci (sī. syā. ka.) ma. ni. 1.390 passitabbaṃ] loke upādiyati, anupādiyaṃ na paritassati, aparitassaṃ paccattaṃyeva parinibbāyati. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Ettāvatā kho, moggallāna, bhikkhu saṃkhittena taṇhāsaṅkhayavimutto hoti accantaniṭṭho accantayogakkhemī accantabrahmacārī accantapariyosāno seṭṭho devamanussāna’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
9. Mettasuttaṃ
62.[itivu. 22 itivuttakepi] ‘‘Mā , bhikkhave, puññānaṃ bhāyittha. Sukhassetaṃ, bhikkhave , adhivacanaṃ yadidaṃ puññāni [yadidaṃ puññanti (sī.), yadidaṃ puññāni (ka.)]. Abhijānāmi kho panāhaṃ [bhikkhave dīgharattaṃ iṭṭhaṃ (syā.), bhikkhave dīgharattaṃ puññānaṃ iṭṭhaṃ (?)], bhikkhave, dīgharattaṃ katānaṃ puññānaṃ dīgharattaṃ iṭṭhaṃ [bhikkhave dīgharattaṃ iṭṭhaṃ (syā.), bhikkhave dīgharattaṃ puññānaṃ iṭṭhaṃ (?)] kantaṃ manāpaṃ vipākaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ. Satta vassāni mettaṃ cittaṃ bhāvesiṃ . Satta vassāni mettaṃ cittaṃ bhāvetvā satta saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe nayimaṃ lokaṃ punāgamāsiṃ. Saṃvaṭṭamāne sudāhaṃ [saṃvaṭṭamānassudāhaṃ (ka.)], bhikkhave, loke ābhassarūpago homi, vivaṭṭamāne loke suññaṃ brahmavimānaṃ upapajjāmi.
‘‘Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmā homi mahābrahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī. Chattiṃsakkhattuṃ kho panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sakko ahosiṃ devānamindo; anekasatakkhattuṃ rājā ahosiṃ cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, imāni satta ratanāni ahesuṃ, seyyathidaṃ – cakkaratanaṃ, hatthiratanaṃ, assaratanaṃ, maṇiratanaṃ, itthiratanaṃ, gahapatiratanaṃ, pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho pana me, bhikkhave, puttā ahesuṃ sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasi’’nti [ajjhāvasanti (syā.) ajjhāvasati (sī. ka.)].
‘‘Passa puññānaṃ vipākaṃ, kusalānaṃ sukhesino [sukhesinaṃ (sī.)];
Mettaṃ cittaṃ vibhāvetvā, satta vassāni bhikkhavo [bhikkhave (ka.)];
Sattasaṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe , nayimaṃ lokaṃ punāgamiṃ [punāgamaṃ (syā.)].
‘‘Saṃvaṭṭamāne lokamhi, homi ābhassarūpago;
Vivaṭṭamāne lokasmiṃ, suññabrahmūpago ahuṃ.
‘‘Sattakkhattuṃ mahābrahmā, vasavattī tadā ahuṃ;
Chattiṃsakkhattuṃ devindo, devarajjamakārayiṃ.
‘‘Cakkavattī ahuṃ rājā, jambumaṇḍassa [jabmudīpassa (sī.), jambusaṇḍassa (syā.)] issaro;
Muddhāvasitto [muddhābhisitto (ka.)] khattiyo, manussādhipatī ahuṃ.
‘‘Adaṇḍena asatthena, vijeyya pathaviṃ imaṃ;
Asāhasena kammena [dhammena (sī. syā.)], samena anusāsi taṃ.
‘‘Dhammena rajjaṃ kāretvā, asmiṃ pathavimaṇḍale;
Mahaddhane mahābhoge, aḍḍhe ajāyihaṃ kule.
‘‘Sabbakāmehi sampanne [sampuṇṇe (ka.)], ratanehi ca sattahi;
Buddhā saṅgāhakā loke, tehi etaṃ sudesitaṃ.
‘‘Eso hetu mahantassa, pathabyo me na vipajjati [esa hetu mahantassa, puthabyo yena vuccati (sī. syā.)];
Pahūtavittūpakaraṇo, rājā hoti [homi (sī. syā.)] patāpavā.
‘‘Iddhimā yasavā hoti [homi (sī. syā.)], jambumaṇḍassa [jambusaṇḍassa (sī. syā.)] issaro;
Ko sutvā nappasīdeyya, api kaṇhābhijātiyo.
‘‘Tasmā hi attakāmena [atthakāmena (syā. ka.)], mahattamabhikaṅkhatā;
Saddhammo garukātabbo, saraṃ buddhānasāsana’’nti. navamaṃ;
10. Bhariyāsuttaṃ
63. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesane manussā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā honti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
‘‘Kiṃ nu te, gahapati, nivesane manussā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā kevaṭṭā maññe macchavilope’’ti? ‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, sujātā gharasuṇhā aḍḍhakulā ānītā. Sā neva sassuṃ ādiyati, na sasuraṃ ādiyati, na sāmikaṃ ādiyati, bhagavantampi na sakkaroti na garuṃ karoti na māneti na pūjetī’’ti.
Atha kho bhagavā sujātaṃ gharasuṇhaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi, sujāte’’ti! ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho sujātā gharasuṇhā bhagavato paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho sujātaṃ gharasuṇhaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
‘‘Satta kho imā, sujāte, purisassa bhariyāyo. Katamā satta? Vadhakasamā, corīsamā, ayyasamā, mātāsamā, bhaginīsamā, sakhīsamā, dāsīsamā. Imā kho, sujāte, satta purisassa bhariyāyo. Tāsaṃ tvaṃ katamā’’ti? ‘‘Na kho ahaṃ [nāhaṃ (syā.)], bhante, imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā tathā dhammaṃ desetu yathāhaṃ imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ jāneyya’’nti. ‘‘Tena hi, sujāte, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho sujātā gharasuṇhā bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
‘‘Paduṭṭhacittā ahitānukampinī,
Aññesu rattā atimaññate patiṃ;
Dhanena kītassa vadhāya ussukā,
Yā evarūpā purisassa bhariyā;
‘Vadhā ca bhariyā’ti ca sā pavuccati.
‘‘Yaṃ itthiyā vindati sāmiko dhanaṃ,
Sippaṃ vaṇijjañca kasiṃ adhiṭṭhahaṃ;
Appampi tassa apahātumicchati,
‘Corī ca bhariyā’ti ca sā pavuccati.
‘‘Akammakāmā alasā mahagghasā,
Pharusā ca caṇḍī duruttavādinī;
Uṭṭhāyakānaṃ abhibhuyya vattati,
Yā evarūpā purisassa bhariyā;
‘Ayyā ca bhariyā’ti ca sā pavuccati.
‘‘Yā sabbadā hoti hitānukampinī,
Mātāva puttaṃ anurakkhate patiṃ;
Tato dhanaṃ sambhatamassa rakkhati,
Yā evarūpā purisassa bhariyā;
‘Mātā ca bhariyā’ti ca sā pavuccati.
‘‘Yathāpi jeṭṭhā bhaginī kaniṭṭhakā [kaṇiṭṭhā (sī.), kaniṭṭhā (syā.)],
Sagāravā hoti sakamhi sāmike;
Yā evarūpā purisassa bhariyā;‘Bhaginī ca bhariyā’ti ca sā pavuccati.
‘‘Yācīdha disvāna patiṃ pamodati,
Sakhī sakhāraṃva cirassamāgataṃ;
Koleyyakā sīlavatī patibbatā,
Yā evarūpā purisassa bhariyā;
‘Sakhī ca bhariyā’ti ca sā pavuccati.
‘‘Akkuddhasantā vadhadaṇḍatajjitā,
Aduṭṭhacittā patino titikkhati;
Akkodhanā bhattuvasānuvattinī,
Yā evarūpā purisassa bhariyā;
‘Dāsī ca bhariyā’ti ca sā pavuccati.
‘‘Yācīdha bhariyā vadhakāti vuccati,
‘Corī ca ayyā’ti ca yā pavuccati;
Dussīlarūpā pharusā anādarā,
Kāyassa bhedā nirayaṃ vajanti tā.
‘‘Yācīdha mātā bhaginī sakhīti ca,
‘Dāsī ca bhariyā’ti ca sā pavuccati;
Sīle ṭhitattā cirarattasaṃvutā,
Kāyassa bhedā sugatiṃ vajanti tā’’ti.
‘‘Imā kho, sujāte, satta purisassa bhariyāyo. Tāsaṃ tvaṃ katamā’’ti? ‘‘Ajjatagge maṃ, bhante, bhagavā dāsīsamaṃ sāmikassa bhariyaṃ dhāretū’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
11. Kodhanasuttaṃ
64. ‘‘Sattime , bhikkhave, dhammā sapattakantā sapattakaraṇā kodhanaṃ āgacchanti itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā. Katame satta? Idha, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa evaṃ icchati – ‘aho vatāyaṃ dubbaṇṇo assā’ti! Taṃ kissa hetu? Na, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa vaṇṇavatāya nandati. Kodhanoyaṃ [kodhanāyaṃ (ka.)], bhikkhave, purisapuggalo kodhābhibhūto kodhapareto, kiñcāpi so hoti sunhāto suvilitto kappitakesamassu odātavatthavasano [odātavasano (ka.)]; atha kho so dubbaṇṇova hoti kodhābhibhūto. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo dhammo sapattakanto sapattakaraṇo kodhanaṃ āgacchati itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa evaṃ icchati – ‘aho vatāyaṃ dukkhaṃ sayeyyā’ti! Taṃ kissa hetu? Na, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa sukhaseyyāya nandati. Kodhanoyaṃ, bhikkhave, purisapuggalo kodhābhibhūto kodhapareto, kiñcāpi so pallaṅke seti gonakatthate paṭalikatthate kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇe sauttaracchade ubhatolohitakūpadhāne; atha kho so dukkhaññeva seti kodhābhibhūto. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyo dhammo sapattakanto sapattakaraṇo kodhanaṃ āgacchati itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa evaṃ icchati – ‘aho vatāyaṃ na pacurattho assā’ti! Taṃ kissa hetu? Na, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa pacuratthatāya nandati . Kodhanoyaṃ , bhikkhave, purisapuggalo kodhābhibhūto kodhapareto, anatthampi gahetvā ‘attho me gahito’ti maññati , atthampi gahetvā ‘anattho me gahito’ti maññati. Tassime dhammā aññamaññaṃ vipaccanīkā gahitā dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti kodhābhibhūtassa. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyo dhammo sapattakanto sapattakaraṇo kodhanaṃ āgacchati itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa evaṃ icchati – ‘aho vatāyaṃ na bhogavā assā’ti! Taṃ kissa hetu? Na, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa bhogavatāya nandati. Kodhanassa, bhikkhave, purisapuggalassa kodhābhibhūtassa kodhaparetassa, yepissa te honti bhogā uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatā bāhābalaparicitā sedāvakkhittā dhammikā dhammaladdhā, tepi rājāno rājakosaṃ pavesenti kodhābhibhūtassa. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, catuttho dhammo sapattakanto sapattakaraṇo kodhanaṃ āgacchati itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa evaṃ icchati – ‘aho vatāyaṃ na yasavā assā’ti! Taṃ kissa hetu? Na, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa yasavatāya nandati. Kodhanoyaṃ, bhikkhave, purisapuggalo kodhābhibhūto kodhapareto, yopissa so hoti yaso appamādādhigato, tamhāpi dhaṃsati kodhābhibhūto. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, pañcamo dhammo sapattakanto sapattakaraṇo kodhanaṃ āgacchati itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa evaṃ icchati – ‘aho vatāyaṃ na mittavā assā’ti! Taṃ kissa hetu? Na, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa mittavatāya nandati. Kodhanaṃ, bhikkhave, purisapuggalaṃ kodhābhibhūtaṃ kodhaparetaṃ, yepissa te honti mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā, tepi ārakā parivajjanti kodhābhibhūtaṃ. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, chaṭṭho dhammo sapattakanto sapattakaraṇo kodhanaṃ āgacchati itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa evaṃ icchati – ‘aho vatāyaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjeyyā’ti! Taṃ kissa hetu? Na, bhikkhave, sapatto sapattassa sugatigamane nandati. Kodhanoyaṃ, bhikkhave, purisapuggalo kodhābhibhūto kodhapareto kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, manasā duccaritaṃ carati. So kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya…pe… kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati kodhābhibhūto. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, sattamo dhammo sapattakanto sapattakaraṇo kodhanaṃ āgacchati itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā. Ime kho, bhikkhave, satta dhammā sapattakantā sapattakaraṇā kodhanaṃ āgacchanti itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā’’ti.
‘‘Kodhano dubbaṇṇo hoti, atho dukkhampi seti so;
Atho atthaṃ gahetvāna, anatthaṃ adhipajjati [adhigacchati (sī.), paṭipajjati (syā.)].
‘‘Tato kāyena vācāya, vadhaṃ katvāna kodhano;
Kodhābhibhūto puriso, dhanajāniṃ nigacchati.
‘‘Kodhasammadasammatto , āyasakyaṃ [āyasakkhaṃ (syā.)] nigacchati;
Ñātimittā suhajjā ca, parivajjanti kodhanaṃ.
[itivu. 88 itivuttakepi] ‘‘Anatthajanano kodho, kodho cittappakopano;
Bhayamantarato jātaṃ, taṃ jano nāvabujjhati.
‘‘Kuddho atthaṃ na jānāti, kuddho dhammaṃ na passati;
Andhatamaṃ tadā hoti, yaṃ kodho sahate naraṃ.
‘‘Yaṃ kuddho uparodheti, sukaraṃ viya dukkaraṃ;
Pacchā so vigate kodhe, aggidaḍḍhova tappati.
‘‘Dummaṅkuyaṃ padasseti [sadasseti (sī.), paṭhamaṃ dasseti (syā.)], dhūmaṃ dhūmīva pāvako;
Yato patāyati kodho, yena kujjhanti mānavā.
‘‘Nāssa hirī na ottappaṃ [na assa hirī ottappañca (ka.)], na vāco hoti gāravo;
Kodhena abhibhūtassa, na dīpaṃ hoti kiñcanaṃ.
‘‘Tapanīyāni kammāni, yāni dhammehi ārakā;
Tāni ārocayissāmi, taṃ suṇātha yathā tathaṃ.
‘‘Kuddho hi pitaraṃ hanti, hanti kuddho samātaraṃ;
Kuddho hi brāhmaṇaṃ hanti, hanti kuddho puthujjanaṃ.
‘‘Yāya mātu bhato poso, imaṃ lokaṃ avekkhati;
Tampi pāṇadadiṃ santiṃ, hanti kuddho puthujjano.
‘‘Attūpamā hi te sattā, attā hi paramo [paramaṃ (sī. syā.)] piyo;
Hanti kuddho puthuttānaṃ, nānārūpesu mucchito.
‘‘Asinā hanti attānaṃ, visaṃ khādanti mucchitā;
Rajjuyā bajjha mīyanti, pabbatāmapi kandare.
‘‘Bhūnahaccāni [bhūtahaccāni (sī. syā.)] kammāni, attamāraṇiyāni ca;
Karontā nāvabujjhanti [karonto nāvabujjhati (ka.)], kodhajāto parābhavo.
‘‘Itāyaṃ kodharūpena, maccupāso guhāsayo;
Taṃ damena samucchinde, paññāvīriyena diṭṭhiyā.
‘‘Yathā metaṃ [ekametaṃ (syā.), ekametaṃ (sī.)] akusalaṃ, samucchindetha paṇḍito;
Tatheva dhamme sikkhetha, mā no dummaṅkuyaṃ ahu.
‘‘Vītakodhā anāyāsā, vītalobhā anussukā [anissukā (sī. syā.) tadaṭṭhakathāsu pana ‘‘anussukā’’ tveva dissati];
Dantā kodhaṃ pahantvāna, parinibbanti anāsavā’’ti [parinibbissathanāsavāti (syā.), parinibbiṃsu anāsavāti (ka.)]. ekādasamaṃ;
Abyākatavaggo chaṭṭho.
Tassuddānaṃ –
Abyākato purisagati, tissa sīha arakkhiyaṃ;
Kimilaṃ satta pacalā, mettā bhariyā kodhekādasāti.
* Bài viết trích trong Aṅguttaranikāya >> Suttapiṭaka >> Tipiṭaka (Mūla), nguồn Tipitaka.org. Tải sách PDF tại đây.
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