1. Pārājikakaṇḍaṃ (bhikkhunīvibhaṅgavaṇṇanā)

1. Pārājikakaṇḍaṃ (bhikkhunīvibhaṅgavaṇṇanā)

1. Paṭhamapārājikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā

656. Bhikkhunīvibhaṅge yoti yo bhikkhunīnaṃ vibhaṅgo. Migāranattāti majjhapadalopenetaṃ vuttanti āha ‘‘migāramātuyā pana nattā hotī’’ti. Migāramātāti visākhāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Navakammādhiṭṭhāyikanti navakammasaṃvidhāyikaṃ. Byañjanānaṃ paṭivijjhitabbo ākāro nātigambhīro, yathāsutaṃ dhāraṇameva tattha karaṇīyanti satiyā byāpāro adhiko, paññā tattha guṇībhūtāti vuttaṃ ‘‘satipubbaṅgamāya paññāyā’’ti. Sati pubbaṅgamā etissāti satipubbaṅgamā. Pubbaṅgamatā cettha padhānabhāvo ‘‘manopubbaṅgamā’’tiādīsu viya. Atthaggahaṇe pana paññāya byāpāro adhiko paṭivijjhitabbassa atthassa atigambhīrattāti āha ‘‘paññāpubbaṅgamāya satiyā’’ti. Ālasiyavirahitāti kosajjarahitā. Yathā aññā kusītā nisinnaṭṭhāne nisinnāva honti, ṭhitaṭṭhāne ṭhitāva, evaṃ ahutvā vipphārikena cittena sabbakiccaṃ nipphādeti.

Sabbā bhikkhuniyo satthuladdhūpasampadā saṅghato laddhūpasampadāti duvidhā. Garudhammapaaggahaṇena hi laddhūpasampadā mahāpajāpatigotamī satthusantikāva laddhūpasampadattā satthuladdhūpasampadā nāma. Sesā sabbāpi saṅghato laddhūpasampadā. Tāpi ekatoupasampannā ubhatoupasampannāti duvidhā. Tattha yā tā mahāpajāpatigotamiyā saddhiṃ nikkhantā pañcasatā sākiyāniyo, tā ekatoupasampannā bhikkhusaṅghato eva laddhūpasampadattā, itarā ubhatoupasampannā ubhatosaṅghe upasampannattā. Ehibhikkhunībhāvena upasampannā pana bhikkhuniyo na santi tāsaṃ tathā upasampadāya abhāvato. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘ehi bhikkhunī’’ti idha kasmā vuttanti? Desanāya sotapatitabhāvato. Ayañhi sotapatitatā nāma katthaci labbhamānassapi aggahaṇena hoti, yathā abhidhamme manodhātuniddese (dha. sa. 160-161) labbhamānampi jhānaṅgaṃ pañcaviññāṇasote patitāya na uddhaṭaṃ katthaci desanāya asambhavato, yathā tattheva vatthuniddese (dha. sa. 984 ādayo) hadayavatthu. Katthaci alabbhamānassapi gahaṇavasena yathāṭhitakappīniddese. Yathāha –

‘‘Katamo ca puggalo ṭhitakappī? Ayañca puggalo sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno assa, kappassa ca uḍḍayhanavelā assa, neva tāva kappo uḍḍayheyya, yāvāyaṃ puggalo na sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikareyyā’’ti (pu. pa. 17).

Evamidhāpi alabbhamānagahaṇavasena veditabbaṃ. Parikappavacanañhetaṃ ‘‘sace bhagavā bhikkhunībhāvayogyaṃ kañci mātugāmaṃ ‘ehi bhikkhunī’ti vadeyya, evaṃ bhikkhunībhāvo siyā’’ti.

Kasmā pana bhagavā evaṃ na kathesīti? Tathā katādhikārānaṃ abhāvato. Ye pana ‘‘anāsannāsannihitabhāvato’’ti kāraṇaṃ vatvā ‘‘bhikkhū eva hi satthu āsannacārino sadā sannihitā ca honti, tasmā te eva ‘ehibhikkhū’ti vattabbataṃ arahanti, na bhikkhuniyo’’ti vadanti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ satthu āsannadūrabhāvassa bhabbābhabbabhāvasiddhattā. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –

‘‘Saṅghāṭikaṇṇe cepi me, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gahetvā piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandho assa pāde pādaṃ nikkhipanto, so ca hoti abhijjhālu kāmesu tibbasārāgo byāpannacitto paduṭṭhamanasaṅkappo muṭṭhassati asampajāno asamāhito vibbhantacitto pākatindriyo, atha kho so ārakāva mayhaṃ, ahañca tassa. Taṃ kissa hetu? Dhammañhi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na passati, dhammaṃ apassanto na maṃ passati. Yojanasate cepi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vihareyya, so ca hoti anabhijjhālu kāmesu na tibbasārāgo abyāpannacitto appaduṭṭhamanasaṅkappo upaṭṭhitassati sampajāno samāhito ekaggacitto saṃvutindriyo, atha kho so santikeva mayhaṃ, ahañca tassa. Taṃ kissa hetu? Dhammañhi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu passati, dhammaṃ passanto maṃ passatī’’ti (itivu. 92).

Tasmā akāraṇaṃ desato satthu āsannānāsannatā. Akatādhikāratāya pana bhikkhunīnaṃ ehibhikkhunūpasampadāya ayogyatā veditabbā.

Yadi evaṃ yaṃ taṃ therīgāthāsu bhaddāya kuṇḍalakesāya vuttaṃ –

‘‘Nihacca jāṇuṃ vanditvā, sammukhā añjaliṃ akaṃ;

Ehi bhaddeti maṃ avaca, sā me āsūpasampadā’’ti. (therīgā. 109);

Tathā apadānepi –

‘‘Āyācito tadā āha, ehi bhaddeti nāyako;

Tadāhaṃ upasampannā, parittaṃ toyamaddasa’’nti. (apa. therī 2.3.44);

Taṃ kathanti? Nayidaṃ ehibhikkhunībhāvena upasampadaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, upasampadāya pana hetubhāvato ‘‘yā satthu āṇatti, sā me āsūpasampadā’’ti vuttā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ (therīgā. aṭṭha. 111) ‘‘ehi bhadde bhikkhunupassayaṃ gantvā bhikkhunīnaṃ santike pabbaja upasampajjassūti maṃ avaca āṇāpesi, sā satthu āṇā mayhaṃ upasampadāya kāraṇattā upasampadā āsi ahosī’’ti. Apadānagāthāyampi evameva attho gahetabbo. Tasmā bhikkhunīnaṃ ehibhikkhunūpasampadā natthiyevāti niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ. Yathā cetaṃ sotapatitavasena ‘‘ehi bhikkhunī’’ti vuttaṃ, evaṃ ‘‘tīhi saraṇagamanehi upasampannāti bhikkhunī’’ti idampi sotapatitavaseneva vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ saraṇagamanūpasampadāyapi bhikkhunīnaṃ asambhavato.

659. Bhikkhuvibhaṅge ‘‘kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyeyyā’’ti avatvā ‘‘samāpajjeyyā’’ti vuttattā ‘‘bhikkhu āpattiyā na kāretabbo’’ti vuttaṃ. Tabbahulanayenāti kiriyāsamuṭṭhānasseva bahulabhāvato. Dissati hi tabbahulanayena tabbohāro yathā ‘‘brāhmaṇagāmo’’ti. Brāhmaṇagāmepi hi antamaso rajakādīni pañca kulāni santi. Sāti kiriyāsamuṭṭhānatā.

662.Tathevāti kāyasaṃsaggarāgena avassutoyevāti attho. Sesamettha uttānameva.

Paṭhamapārājikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Dutiyapārājikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā

666. Dutiye ‘‘kissa pana tvaṃ ayye jānaṃ pārājikaṃ dhammaṃ ajjhāpanna’’nti vacanato ‘‘uddiṭṭhā kho ayyāyo aṭṭha pārājikā dhammā’’tiādivacanato ca bhikkhunīvibhaṅgaṃ patvā sādhāraṇāni sikkhāpadāni bhikkhūnaṃ uppannavatthusmiṃyeva ‘‘yā pana bhikkhunī chandaso methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭiseveyya, antamaso tiracchānagatenapi, pārājikā hoti asaṃvāsā’’tiādinā nayena savisesampi avisesampi mātikaṃ ṭhapetvā anukkamena padabhājanaṃ āpattibhedaṃ tikacchedaṃ anāpattivārañca anavasesaṃ vatvā vitthāresi. Saṅgītikārakehi pana asādhāraṇapaññattiyoyeva idha vitthāritāti veditabbā.

Atha uparimesu dvīsu apaññattesu aṭṭhannaṃ pārājikānaṃ aññataranti idaṃ vacanaṃ na yujjatīti āha ‘‘idañca pārājikaṃ pacchā paññatta’’ntiādi. Yadi evaṃ imasmiṃ okāse kasmā ṭhapitanti āha ‘‘purimena pana saddhiṃ yugaḷattā’’tiādi, purimena saddhiṃ ekasambandhabhāvato idha vuttanti adhippāyo. ‘‘Aṭṭhannaṃ pārājikānaṃ aññatara’’nti vacanato ca vajjapaṭicchādikaṃ yā paṭicchādeti, sāpi vajjapaṭicchādikāyevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kiñcāpi vajjapaṭicchādanaṃ pemavasena hoti, tathāpi sikkhāpadavītikkamacittaṃ domanassitameva hotīti katvā ‘‘dukkhavedana’’nti vuttaṃ. Sesamettha uttānameva.

Dutiyapārājikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

668. Tatiyaṃ uttānatthameva.

3. Catutthapārājikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā

675. Catutthe lokassādamittasanthavavasenāti lokassādasaṅkhātassa mittasanthavassa vasena. Vuttamevatthaṃ pariyāyantarena vibhāvetuṃ ‘‘kāyasaṃsaggarāgenā’’ti vuttaṃ.

Tissitthiyo methunaṃ taṃ na seveti (pari. aṭṭha. 481) yā tisso itthiyo vuttā, tāsupi yaṃ taṃ methunaṃ nāma, taṃ na sevati. Tayo puriseti tayo purisepi upagantvā methunaṃ na sevati. Tayo ca anariyapaṇḍaketi ubhatobyañjanasaṅkhāte tayo anariye, tayo ca paṇḍaketi imepi cha jane upagantvā methunaṃ na sevati. Na cācare methunaṃ byañjanasminti anulomapārājikavasenapi attano nimitte methunaṃ nācarati. Chejjaṃ siyā methunadhammapaccayāti siyā methunadhammapaccayā pārājikanti ayaṃ pañho aṭṭhavatthukaṃva sandhāya vutto. Tassā hi methunadhammassa pubbabhāgakāyasaṃsaggaṃ āpajjituṃ vāyamantiyā methunadhammapaccayā chejjaṃ hoti. Chedoyeva chejjaṃ.

Methunadhammassa pubbabhāgattāti iminā methunadhammassa pubbabhāgabhūto kāyasaṃsaggoyeva tattha methunadhamma-saddena vutto, na dvayaṃdvayasamāpattīti dīpeti. Vaṇṇāvaṇṇoti dvīhi sukkavissaṭṭhi vuttā. Gamanuppādananti sañcarittaṃ. Sabbapadesūti ‘‘saṅghāṭikaṇṇaggahaṇaṃ sādiyeyyā’’tiādīsu. Sesamettha uttānameva. Kāyasaṃsaggarāgo, saussāhatā, aṭṭhamassa vatthussa pūraṇanti imāni panettha tīṇi aṅgāni.

Catutthapārājikasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Bhikkhunīvibhaṅge pārājikakaṇḍavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Pārājikakaṇḍaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.

* Bài viết trích trong Vinayapiṭaka (ṭīkā) >> Tīkā, nguồn Tipitaka.org. Tải sách PDF tại đây.

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