20. Vīsatimavaggo

20. Vīsatimavaggo

1. Asañciccakathāvaṇṇanā

857-862. Idāni asañciccakathā nāma hoti. Tattha ‘‘ānantariyavatthūni nāma garūni bhāriyāni, tasmā asañciccāpi tesu vatthūsu vikopitesu ānantariko hotī’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi ekaccānaṃ uttarāpathakānaṃ; te sandhāya asañciccāti pucchā sakavādissa, laddhivasena paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘yasmā ānantariyakammaṃ nāma kammapathappattaṃ. Yadi ca asañcicca kammapathabhedo siyā, avasesā pāṇātipātādayopi asañcicca bhaveyyu’’nti codanatthaṃ asañciccapāṇaṃ hantvātiādimāha. Itaro tathārūpāya laddhiyā abhāvena paṭikkhipati. Sesaṃ yathāpāḷimeva niyyāti. Na vattabbaṃ mātughātakoti pucchā paravādissa, rogapaṭikārādikāle asañcicca ghātaṃ sandhāya paṭiññā sakavādissa. Nanu mātā jīvitā voropitāti pañhepi asañcicca voropitaṃ sandhāya paṭiññā sakavādisseva. Evaṃ adhippāyaṃ pana aggahetvā hañcīti laddhipatiṭṭhāpanaṃ itarassa. Taṃ ayoniso patiṭṭhāpitattā appatiṭṭhitameva. Pitughātakādīsupi eseva nayo. Saṅghabhedake pana dhammasaññiṃ sandhāya saṅghabhedo ānantarikoti pucchā sakavādissa, ‘‘saṅghaṃ samaggaṃ bhetvāna, kappaṃ nirayamhi paccatī’’ti vacanaṃ ayoniso gahetvā paṭiññā paravādissa. Puna sabbeti puṭṭho sakapakkhe dhammasaññiṃ sandhāya paṭikkhipati, parapakkhe dhammasaññiṃ sandhāya paṭijānāti. Dhammasaññīti pañhadvayepi eseva nayo. Nanu vuttaṃ bhagavatāti suttaṃ ekanteneva dhammavādissa ānantarikabhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Āpāyiko nerayikoti gāthāyapi adhammavādīyeva adhippeto. Itaro pana adhippāyaṃ aggahetvā laddhiṃ patiṭṭhapeti. Sā ayoniso patiṭṭhāpitattā appatiṭṭhitāyevāti.

Asañciccakathāvaṇṇanā.

2. Ñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā

863-865. Idāni ñāṇakathā nāma hoti. Tattha duvidhaṃ ñāṇaṃ – lokiyañca lokuttarañca. Lokiyaṃ samāpattiñāṇampi hoti dānādivasena pavattaṃ kammassakatañāṇampi; lokuttaraṃ saccaparicchedakaṃ maggañāṇampi phalañāṇampi. Imaṃ pana vibhāgaṃ akatvā ‘‘saccaparicchedakameva ñāṇaṃ na itaraṃ, tasmā natthi puthujjanassa ñāṇa’’nti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi hetuvādānaṃ, te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Paññātiādi ñāṇavevacanadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tenetaṃ dīpeti – yadi tassa ñāṇaṃ natthi, paññādayopi natthi. Atha paññādayo atthi, ñāṇampi atthi. Kasmā? Paññādīnaṃ ñāṇato anaññattāti. Paṭhamaṃ jhānantiādi samāpattiñāṇassa dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Dānaṃ dadeyyātiādi kammassakatañāṇassa. Dukkhaṃ parijānātīti lokuttaramaggañāṇameva dīpeti, na ca lokuttarameva ñāṇanti.

Ñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā.

3. Nirayapālakathāvaṇṇanā

866. Idāni nirayapālakathā nāma hoti. Tattha ‘‘niraye nerayikakammāneva nirayapālarūpavasena vadhenti, natthi nirayapālā nāma sattā’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi andhakānaṃ; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘yadi tattha nirayapālā na siyuṃ, kammakāraṇāpi na bhaveyyuṃ. Kāraṇikesu hi sati kāraṇā’’ti codetuṃ natthi nirayesūtiādimāha.

867-868.Atthi manussesūti paccakkhena ñāpanatthaṃ. Yathā hi manussesu sati kāraṇikesu kāraṇā, evaṃ tatthāpīti ayamettha adhippāyo. Atthi nirayesūti pucchā paravādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Na vessabhū nopi ca pettirājāti paravādinā sakasamayato suttaṃ ābhataṃ. Taṃ pana sāsanāvacarikanti sakavādinā anuññātaṃ. Tattha vessabhūti eko devo. Pettirājāti pettivisaye petamahiddhiko. Somādayo pākaṭā eva. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – attano kammehi ito paṇunnaṃ paralokaṃ pattaṃ purisaṃ na ete vessabhūādayo hananti. Yehi pana so kammehi tattha paṇunno, tāni sakāni kammāniyeva naṃ tattha hanantīti kammassakataṃ dīpeti, na nirayapālānaṃ abhāvaṃ. Sakavādinā pana tamenaṃ, bhikkhaveti ābhatāni suttapadāni nītatthānevāti.

Nirayapālakathāvaṇṇanā.

4. Tiracchānakathāvaṇṇanā

869-871. Idāni tiracchānakathā nāma hoti. Tattha devesu erāvaṇādayo devaputtā hatthivaṇṇaṃ assavaṇṇaṃ vikubbanti, natthi tattha tiracchānagatā. Yesaṃ pana tiracchānavaṇṇino devaputte disvā ‘‘atthi devesu tiracchānagatā’’ti laddhi, seyyathāpi andhakānaṃ ; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘yadi devayoniyaṃ tiracchānagatā siyuṃ, tiracchānayoniyampi devā siyu’’nti codetuṃ atthi tiracchānagatesūtiādimāha. Kīṭātiādi yesaṃ so abhāvaṃ icchati, te dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Erāvaṇoti pañhe tassa atthitāya paṭiññā sakavādissa , na tiracchānagatassa. Hatthibandhātiādi ‘‘yadi tattha hatthiādayo siyuṃ, hatthibandhādayopi siyu’’nti codanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha yāvasikāti yavassa dāyakā. Kāraṇikāti hatthācariyādayo, yehi te nānāvidhaṃ kāraṇaṃ kareyyuṃ. Bhattakārakāti hatthiādīnaṃ bhattarandhakā. Na hevanti tathā anicchanto paṭikkhipatīti.

Tiracchānakathāvaṇṇanā.

5. Maggakathāvaṇṇanā

872-875. Idāni maggakathā nāma hoti. Tattha yesaṃ ‘‘pubbeva kho panassa kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ ājīvo suparisuddho hotī’’ti (a. ni. 3.431) idañceva suttaṃ sammāvācākammantājīvānañca cittavippayuttataṃ nissāya ‘‘nippariyāyena pañcaṅgikova maggo’’ti laddhi, seyyathāpi mahisāsakānaṃ, te sandhāya pañcaṅgikoti pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Sammāvācā maggaṅgaṃ, sā ca na maggotiādi parasamayavasena vuttaṃ. Parasamayasmiñhi sammāvācādayo maggaṅganti āgatā. Rūpattā pana maggo na hotīti vaṇṇitā. Sammādiṭṭhi maggaṅgantiādi maggaṅgassa amaggatā nāma natthīti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Pubbeva kho panassāti sutte parisuddhasīlassa maggabhāvanā nāma hoti, na itarassāti āgamaniyapaṭipadāya visuddhibhāvadassanatthaṃ ‘‘kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ ājīvo suparisuddho hotī’’ti vuttaṃ, na imehi vinā pañcaṅgikabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Tenevāha ‘‘evamassāyaṃ ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchatī’’ti. Sakavādinā ābhatasuttaṃ nītatthamevāti.

Maggakathāvaṇṇanā.

6. Ñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā

876-877. Idāni ñāṇakathā nāma hoti. Tattha dhammacakkappavattane dvādasākārañāṇaṃ sandhāya ‘‘dvādasavatthukaṃ ñāṇaṃ lokuttara’’nti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi pubbaseliyānaṃ, te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘sace taṃ dvādasavatthukaṃ, dvādasahi maggañāṇehi bhavitabba’’nti codetuṃ dvādasātiādimāha. Itaro maggassa ekattaṃ sandhāya paṭikkhipati, ekekasmiṃ sacce saccañāṇakiccañāṇakatañāṇānaṃ vasena ñāṇanānattaṃ sandhāya paṭijānāti. Dvādasa sotāpattimaggātiādīsupi eseva nayo. Nanu vuttaṃ bhagavatāti suttaṃ saddhiṃ pubbabhāgaparabhāgehi ñāṇanānattaṃ dīpeti, na ariyamaggassa dvādasa ñāṇataṃ. Tasmā asādhakanti.

Ñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā.

Vīsatimo vaggo.

Catutthapaṇṇāsako samatto.

 

 

TẢI MOBILE APP PHẬT GIÁO THERAVĀDA ĐỂ XEM THÊM NHIỀU THÔNG TIN HỮU ÍCH (ANDROID & IOS)

Dhamma Paññā

BQT trang Theravāda cố gắng sưu tầm thông tin tài liệu Dhamma trợ duyên quý độc giả tìm hiểu về Dhamma - Giáo Pháp Bậc Giác Ngộ thuyết giảng suốt 45 năm sau khi Ngài chứng đắc trở thành Đức Phật Chánh Đẳng Chánh Giác vào đêm Rằm tháng 4, tìm hiểu thêm phương pháp thực hành thiền Anapana, thiền Vipassana qua các tài liệu, bài giảng, pháp thoại từ các Thiền Sư, các Bậc Trưởng Lão, Bậc Thiện Trí.